Bahrain competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Originally scheduled to take place in the summer of 2020, the Games were postponed to 23 July to 8 August 2021, because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the nation's tenth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics.
The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games. Note that reserves in handball are not counted:
Bahraini athletes further achieved the entry standards, either by qualifying time or by world ranking, in the following track and field events (up to a maximum of 3 athletes in each event):
Bahrain entered one male boxer into the Olympic tournament. Belarusian-born Danis Latypov topped the list of eligible boxers from Asia and Oceania in the men's super heavyweight division to secure a place on the Bahraini team based on the IOC's Boxing Task Force Rankings.
Bahrain men's handball team qualified for the Olympics by winning the gold medal at the 2019 Asian Qualification Tournament in Doha, Qatar, signifying the nation's debut in the sport.
Bahrain granted an invitation from ISSF to send a women's skeet shooter to the Olympics, if the minimum qualifying score (MQS) was fulfilled by June 6, 2021.
<small>Qualification Legend: Q = Qualify for the next round; q = Qualify for the bronze medal (shotgun)</small>
Bahrain received a universality invitation from FINA to send two top-ranked swimmers (one per gender) in their respective individual events to the Olympics, based on the FINA Points System of June 28, 2021.