Azad Gomantak Dal

The Azad Gomantak Dal () was an armed revolutionary organization that sought to liberate Goa from Portuguese colonial rule. Unlike non-violent movements advocating for Goa’s independence, the AGD engaged in armed resistance, believing that force was necessary to overthrow Portuguese rule.

Formation

Following the suppression of peaceful protests against Portuguese rule, a faction of freedom fighters opted for an armed struggle, leading to the establishment of the AGD. The AGD thus broke away from the peaceful National Congress Goa (NCG) in June 1947, at a meeting held at the Shantadurga temple in Cuncoliem. With a loaded pistols, the Dal recited their oath:

Ideology

The AGD believed that armed resistance was necessary to overthrow Portuguese rule, differentiating itself from non-violent movements advocating for Goa’s independence. The group carried out guerrilla-style attacks against Portuguese military and administrative targets. The group was instrumental in various operations that undermined Portuguese authority in Goa.

Key activities

AGD members carried out several attacks against Portuguese installations. Among their significant operations was an attempt in July 1947 to seize the Fazenda (Portuguese treasury) in Mapusa. The organization also played a crucial role in the 1954 Liberation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, contributing to the takeover of the enclave from Portuguese control.

On 31 July 1954, volunteers of the AGD, accompanied by some volunteers of Jana Sangh, made their way into Nagar Haveli and liberated Nairoli. On 2 August, AGD volunteers captured 155 Portuguese soldiers, freed Silvassa and hoisted the Indian flag there. On 11 August, AGD volunteers captured Khandel, ending the Liberation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli.

During the period leading up to Operation Vijay, AGD fighters engaged in skirmishes with Portuguese forces and facilitated Indian intelligence efforts in the region. Despite their contributions, the AGD's role was downplayed in official accounts following Goa’s integration into India.

Offshoot

Prabhakar Sinari later founded an offshoot of the AGD called the Rancour Patriótica.

Notable members

• Prabhakar Sinari – Often referred to as the "Che Guevara of Goa," Sinari was a leading commander within the AGD. He coordinated attacks on Portuguese military targets and later sought recognition for the group's contributions.
• Vishwanath Lawande – A founding member of the AGD, Lawande was active in armed operations against Portuguese forces and took part in efforts to disrupt colonial administration.
• Mohan Ranade – A dedicated fighter, Ranade participated in multiple raids on Portuguese posts, leading to his eventual imprisonment by the Portuguese authorities.
• Dattatray Deshpande
• Leo Velho Mauricio

References