Aulacus

Aulacus is a genus of aulacids, ensigns, and gasteruptiids in the family Aulacidae. There are 77 species of Aulacus.

Taxonomy and phylogeny

This genus was originally described in 1807 by Louis Jurine. It is currently one of two extant genera within the family Aulacidae along with its sister genus, Pristaulacus.

As presently defined, the genus Aulacus has been noted by Turrisi et al. in 2009 as not representing a monophyletic group, instead being a paraphyletic assemblage of species with respect to Pristaulacus. Their research also concluded the need for further studies to split the genus into several monophyletic genera.

Description and identification

Aulacus are generally small auladic wasps. The head lacks an occipital carina, and the tarsal claws are simple. The forewing has vein 2r-m present in contrast to the genus Pristaulacus, which lacks this vein.

Distribution

The genus Aulacus has a nearly worldwide distribution apart from the Afrotropics and Antarctica.

Behavior

While little is known about the biology of the genus as a whole, many species are known to be koinobiont parasitoids of beetles or wood wasps.

Species

The following are 72 of the described species belong to the genus Aulacus:

• Aulacus albimanus <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus amazonicus <small>(Roman, 1917)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus aneurus <small>Walkley, 1952</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus aroueti <small>(Girault, 1926)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus atriceps <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus belairensis <small>Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus biroi <small>(Szépligeti, 1903)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus bituberculatus <small>Cameron, 1899</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus braconiformis <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus brasiliensis <small>(Szépligeti, 1903)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus braunsi <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus brevicaudus <small>(Cushman, 1929)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus brevis <small>Smith, 2005</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus burquei <small>(Provancher, 1882)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g b}</span>
• Aulacus burwelli <small>Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus cephalus <small>Smith, 2005</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus coracinus <small>Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus costulatus <small>(Kieffer, 1904)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus davidi <small>Kuroda, Konishi, Turrisi & Yamasako, 2020</small><span style="color:gray">^j</span>
• Aulacus digitalis <small>Townes, 1950</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus dispilis <small>Townes, 1950</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g b}</span>
• Aulacus douglasi <small>Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus elegans <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus emineo <small>Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus eocenicus <small>Nel, Waller & De Ploëg, 2004</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus erythrogaster <small>He & Chen, 2002</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus festivus <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus flavicornis <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus flavigenis <small>Alekseev, 1986</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g j}</span>
• Aulacus flavimanus <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus flindersbaudini <small>Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus forus <small>(Smith, 2001)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus fritschii † <small>(Brues, 1933)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus fuscicornis <small>Cameron, 1911</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus fusiger <small>Schletterer, 1890</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus gaullei <small>(Kieffer, 1904)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus grossi <small>Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus houstoni <small>Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus hyalinipennis <small>Westwood, 1841</small><span style="color:gray">^{i g}</span>
• Aulacus impolitus <small>Smith, 1991</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g j}</span>
• Aulacus japonicus <small>Konishi, 1990</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g j}</span>
• Aulacus jeoffreyi <small>Alekseev, 1993</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus kohli <small>Schletterer, 1890</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus krahmeri <small>Elgueta & Lanfranco, 1994</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus larisae <small>Sundukov & Lelej, 2015</small>
• Aulacus longiventris <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus lovei <small>(Ashmead, 1901)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus machaerophorus <small>Kuroda, Kikuchi & Konishi, 2016 </small><span style="color:gray">^j</span>
• Aulacus magnus <small>Chen, Turrisi & Xu, 2016</small><span style="color:gray">^z</span>
• Aulacus mcmillani <small>Jennings, Austin & Stevens, 2004</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus minutus <small>Crosskey, 1953</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus moerens <small>Westwood, 1868</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus nigriventris <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus notatus <small>(Szépligeti, 1903)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus ochreus <small>Smith, 2005</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus pallidicaudis <small>(Cameron, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus pallipes <small>Cresson, 1879</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus pediculatus <small>Schletterer, 1890</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus philippinensis <small>(Kieffer, 1916)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus planiceps <small>(Szépligeti, 1903)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus prisculus † <small>(Brues, 1933)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus pterostigmatus <small>(Szépligeti, 1903)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus schiffi <small>Smith, 1996</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus schoenitzeri <small>Turrisi, 2005</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus shizukii <small>Kuroda, Konishi, Turrisi & Yamasako, 2020</small><span style="color:gray">^j</span>
• Aulacus sinensis <small>He & Chen, 2007 </small><span style="color:gray">^j</span>
• Aulacus striatus <small>Jurine, 1807</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus thoracicus <small>Westwood, 1841</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus truncatus <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus uchidai <small> Turrisi & Konishi, 2011 </small><span style="color:gray">^j</span>
• Aulacus vespiformis <small>(Kieffer, 1911)</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>
• Aulacus westwoodi <small>Kieffer, 1912</small><span style="color:gray">^{i c g}</span>

<small>Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net, z = Revision of Chinese Aulacidae, j = Revisional Study of Japan, r = Aulacidae in the Russian Far East</small>

Nomina nuda

There are additionally 4 species names that are considered nomina nuda in Smith's catalog of species.

• Aulacus beckeri <small>Tournier, 1911</small>
• Aulacus plurimaculatus <small>Tournier, 1911</small>
• Aulacus rufilabris <small>Giraud, 1868</small>
• Aulacus transversostriatus <small>Tournier, 1911</small>

References

External links