Astroblepus rengifoi is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Astroblepidae, the climbing catfishes. This catfish is found in South America where it is known only from its type locality, a small stream that is a tributary to the Atrato River, around upstream from the town of El Carmen de Atrato, in the Chocó region of western Colombia. This species attains a maximum standard length of .
The specific name, rengifoi, honors the entomologist Santiago Rengifo Salcedo, for his "ceaseless work for the advancement of biological science in Colombia".