Aà ¡à ¡ur-dÃÂn I, <sup>m</sup>Aà ¡-à ¡ur-dÃÂn(kal)<sup>an</sup>, was the 83rd king of Assyria, reigning for 46 (variant: 36) years, c. 1178 to 1133 BC (variant: c. 1168 to 1133 BC), and the son of Ninurta-apal-Ekur, where one of the three variant copies of the Assyrian King List shows a difference. The Synchronistic King List and a fragmentary copy give his Babylonian contemporaries as Zababa-à ¡um-iddina, c. 1158 BC, and Enlil-nÃÂdin-aḫe, c. 1157âÂÂ1155 BC, the last of the kings of the Kassite dynasty, but it is probable he was contemporary with two more preceding and two following these monarchs, if the length of his reign is correct.
Few inscriptions have been recovered for this king although he is mentioned in two of those of his descendant Tukultë-apil-Eà ¡arra. One of these inscriptions mentions his demolition of the dilapidated temple of An and Adad, originally built by Ià ¡me-DÃÂgan II 641 years earlier. It was not to be reconstructed until 60 years later by Tukultë-apil-Eà ¡arra, who also names him in his genealogy. A dedication for the king appears on a bronze statue votive offering to the Egaà ¡ankalamma, temple of Ià ¡tar in Arbail, offered by à  amà ¡i-BÃÂl, a scribe.
A partial reconstruction of the sequence of limmus, the Assyrian Eponym dating system, has been proposed influenced by a letter which provides the initial sequence of Pià ¡qiya, the official during whose reign his predecessor died, Aà ¡à ¡ur-dÃÂn (the king), Atamar-den-Aà ¡à ¡ur, Aà ¡à ¡ur-bel-lite, and Adad-muà ¡abà ¡i. A harem edict or palace decree was issued giving the penalties for misdemeanors of maidservants, where the first offence is punishable with a beating thirty times with rods by her mistress.
During the twilight years of the Kassite dynasty, the Synchronistic History records that he seized the cities of Zaban, Irriya, Ugar-sallu and a fourth town name not preserved, plundering them and âÂÂtaking their vast booty to Assyria.â A fragmentary clay tablet usually assigned to this king lists his military conquests over âÂÂ[â¦]yash and the land of Irriya, the land of the Suhu, the kings of the land Shadani, [â¦y]aeni, king of the land Shelini.âÂÂ
Fresh from their conquest of the Babylonians, it seems the Elamite hordes overwhelmed the Assyrian city of Arraphe, which was not recovered until late in Aà ¡à ¡ur-dÃÂnâÂÂs reign.
Two sons of Aà ¡à ¡ur-dÃÂn were to contest the throne after his death, Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur ruling for less than a year before being overthrown and forced to flee by his brother Mutakkil-Nusku. A civil war continued where Mutakkil-Nusku controlled the Assyrian heartland, while Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur has support in the provinces.