Argentina competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, from 13 to 29 August 2004. This was the nation's twenty-first appearance at the Olympic Games, except for three different editions. Argentina did not attend the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, and the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, because of its support for the United States-led boycott. The sailor Carlos EspÃÂnola was the nation's flag bearer at the opening ceremony. 152 competitors, 106 men and 46 women, took part in 86 events in 22 sports.
The total medal count of six, marked the best performance by Argentina since the 1948 Summer Olympics, earning their first gold medals since the 1952 Summer Olympics and their best position in the medal table up to that point, at 35th place overall.
Argentine athletes achieved qualifying standards in the following athletics events (up to a maximum of 3 athletes in each event at the 'A' Standard, and 1 at the 'B' Standard):
Argentina qualified a men's team.
Two competitors joined Argentina for the canoeing flatwater event only.
Argentina qualified boats for the following events.
<small>Qualification Legend: Q = Qualify to final; q = Qualify to semifinal</small>
Argentina qualified 1 fencer.
Argentina had one woman competing in artistic gymnastics as an individual.
Argentina qualified nine judoka.
<small>Qualification Legend: FA=Final A (medal); FB=Final B (non-medal); FC=Final C (non-medal); FD=Final D (non-medal); FE=Final E (non-medal); FF=Final F (non-medal); SA/B=Semifinals A/B; SC/D=Semifinals C/D; SE/F=Semifinals E/F; R=Repechage</small>
<small>M = Medal race; OCS = On course side of the starting line; DSQ = Disqualified; DNF = Did not finish; DNS= Did not start; RDG = Redress given</small>
Argentine swimmers earned qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the A-standard time, and 1 at the B-standard time):
Argentina qualified a team to the men's indoor tournament.