The Archimede class were a group of four submarines built for the (Royal Italian Navy) in the early 1930s. The boats fought in the Spanish Civil War (under the Nationalist flag) and in World War II. In Spanish service, two boats were known as the General Mola class; these were taken out of service in 1959.
The ships were designed by the firm Cavallini and were a partially double hulled design. They were an enlarged version of the with ballast tanks rearranged, greater range, fuel and torpedo capacity for ocean service. Like most of the later ocean-going submarines of the Italian navy, their deck armament consisting of two guns was conceived to deal with armed merchantmen in surface combat. They also mounted two anti-aircraft machine guns. The number of torpedoes was increased from 12 on the Settembrini class to 16.
All boats were built by the shipyard of Franco Tosi at Taranto, between 1930 and 1934.
Torricelli and Archimede took part in the Spanish Civil war under the Italian flag since 1936, carrying out undercover operations. Eventually both submarines were secretly delivered to the Spanish nationalists in April 1937.