Anastasia Sergeyevna Samoilenko, née Shlyakhovaya (', born in Zhovtneve) is a Russian volleyball player. She was part of the Russia women's national volleyball team at the 2013 Summer Universiade in Kazan, the Montreux Volley Masters (in 2013, 2014), the FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix (in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016), the 2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship in Germany and Switzerland, and the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.
At club level, she played for Ufimochka and Omichka before joining Dinamo Krasnodar in 2015.
She married basketball player Bogdan Samoilenko in December 2014.