Aharon Dolgopolsky, also spelled Aron (, ; 18 November 1930 â 20 July 2012) was a Russian-Israeli linguist who is known as one of the modern founders of comparative Nostratic linguistics.
Born in Moscow, he arrived at the long-forgotten Nostratic hypothesis in the 1960s, at around the same time but independently of Vladislav Illich-Svitych. Together with Illich-Svitych, he was the first to undertake a multilateral comparison of the supposed daughter languages of Nostratic. Teaching Nostratics at Moscow University for 8 years, Dolgopolsky moved to Israel in 1976, and taught at the University of Haifa.
Dolgopolsky was featured in the 1994 NOVA documentary, .
He died on 20 July 2012 in Haifa.