African American New Jerseyans are residents of the U.S. state of New Jersey who are of African American ancestry. As of the 2020 census, African Americans comprise approximately 15.4% of the state's population. The historical presence of African Americans in New Jersey can be traced back to the colonial era, during which enslaved Africans were transported to the state by Dutch and English settlers.
The arrival of the first African Americans in New Jersey can be traced back to the 17th century when Dutch settlers brought enslaved Africans to the region.
During the American Revolution, New Jersey became a battleground in the fight against British rule, with many joining the Continental Army and fighting for their own freedom. Notable figures such as Oliver Cromwell, an African American soldier, made significant contributions to the cause.
The early 19th century witnessed a gradual shift in the status of African Americans in New Jersey. The state passed laws that gradually abolished slavery, leading to the emancipation of enslaved individuals. However, racial discrimination and segregation persisted, limiting the opportunities available to African Americans.
The late 19th and early 20th centuries marked a period of significant migration for African Americans in New Jersey. Many individuals moved from the rural South to urban areas such as Newark and Camden in search of better economic prospects. This influx of African Americans contributed to the growth of vibrant communities and cultural institutions.
Notable figures such as Paul Robeson, a renowned actor, singer, and civil rights activist, emerged from the state, leaving a lasting impact on American culture.
According to the 2020 Census, the African American population in New Jersey is estimated to be approximately 1.2 million people, representing approximately 15% of the state's total population. This figure includes individuals who identify as Black or African American alone, as well as those who identify as Black or African American in combination with one or more other races.
In northern New Jersey, the African American population is predominantly located in urban areas, specifically in the cities of Newark, Orange, East Orange, and Irvington and adjacent area of Essex County and Union County. Jersey City and Paterson are also home to significant African populations. In Bergen County, Engelwood, Teaneck and Hackensack have populations that are approximately 20% Black.
In Central Jersey, Trenton, Piscataway, Neptune, Long Branch and Asbury Park are home to significant African Americans populations.
South Jersey has substantial a African American population, primarily concentrated in Camden County, notably in Camden Willingboro, and Lawnside. Atlantic City has long had a concentration of African Americans. Salem has an African American population of over 50%.