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Acraea natalica

Acraea natalica, the Natal acraea, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae, which is native to East and southern Africa.

Range

It is found from KwaZulu-Natal to Zimbabwe and in Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, southern DRC (Katanga), Tanzania and eastern Kenya.

Description

The wingspan is 55–65&nbsp;mm. Adults are on wing year round, with a strong peak in late summer in southern Africa.<br /> A. natalica Bdv. (55 f) varies greatly in size, but is on an average larger than the following species [in its subgroup], having an expanse of 46 to 80&nbsp;mm. The ground-colour of the wings above is reddish to orange-yellow or brown- yellow and occasionally in the females on the hindwing much darkened, dark red-brown; both wings at the base blackish to about vein 2; the forewing with apical spot 4 to 5&nbsp;mm. in breadth and black fringes, sometimes also with the veins narrowly black; a basal dot in the cell and in 1b at the outer edge of the black basal spot; discal dots 4 to 6, 9 and 10 united into a transverse streak placed almost vertically to the costal margin; submarginal dots in 1b to 3; hindwing with unspotted or indistinctly spotted black marginal band 4 to 5&nbsp;mm. in breadth, which in the male is sharply defined, but in the female sometimes shades into the darkened ground-colour without sharp delimitation. Wings beneath lighter, not darkened at the base; forewing without dark apical spot; hind wing with bright red spots between the basal dots and between the discal dots and the marginal band at least in 1b to 3; the marginal band with large yellow marginal spots and always sharply defined proximally. South and East Africa to Angola, southern Congo and British East Africa.<br />Larva light yellow with white lateral line, white, black-edged dorsal line and a black streak on each side. Pupa yellowish white with black markings.

  • umbrata Suff. differs in having on the fore wing immediately behind discal spots 4 to 6 a broad dark grey, somewhat transparent transverse band, extending from the costal margin to vein 3 and distally dentate at the veins; between this band and the dark apical spot four submarginal spots of the ground-colour are thus separated off in cellules 3 to 6. The marginal band of the hindwing above is narrower than in the type-form and irregularly defined proximally. Mozambique to British East Africa.
  • female ab. albida ab. nov. approximates to the form umbrata, but has the ground-colour of the upper surface white and the marginal band on the upperside of the hindwing much widened, reaching the discal dots; wings beneath whitish yellow. Island of Pemba.
  • abadima Ribbe (= clarei Neave) forms a transition between umbrata and pseudegina [now species including abadima Ribbe and clarei Neave]. Both wings above with bright orange-yellow ground-colour; it differs from umbrata in having the marginal band on the upperside of the hindwing a mere line or only indicated by some black scales and the marginal spots on the hindwing beneath very large and only separated by the veins; the grey subapical band of the fore wing is lighter, more transparent and more indistinctly defined. The female is darker and the ground-colour forms three whitish spots before the apex of the forewing. Angola to the Cameroons, Uganda and Abyssinia.
  • pseudegina Westw. (55 f) [now species Acraea pseudegina ] is the north-western race and is distinguished from abadima by having the fore wing above entirely or for the most part blackish or black-grey. Senegal to Nigeria. Larva lighter than that of the type-form.

Biology

The larvae feed on Adenia gummifera, Passiflora species (including P. coerulea) and Tricliceras longipedunculatum.

Taxonomy

It is a member of the Acraea caecilia species group. See also Pierre & Bernaud, 2014

References

External links