Acanthosepion is a genus of cuttlefish, long thought to be a subgenus of the cuttlefish type genus, Sepia. A 2023 paper revived several genera of cuttlefish and elevated some subgenera of Sepia to full genus level based on molecular sequencing; this study recovered Acanthosepion as a distinct clade of cuttlefish. Genus Acanthosepion was determined to range from the coast of South Africa and Western Australia up to the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, and north to Sakhalin. This classification scheme has been accepted by various databases, such as WoRMS, and GBIF.
The following species are accepted by WoRMS: