Acanthophlebia is a genus of pronggill mayflies in the family Leptophlebiidae. There is one described species in Acanthophlebia, Acanthophlebia cruentata.
George Hudson first described Acanthophlebia cruentata under the name Atalophlebia cruentata in his book New Zealand Neuroptera in 1904.
This species is endemic to New Zealand and found only in the North Island.