Abu Ubaid al-Qasim ibn Sallam al-Khurasani al-Harawi (; c. 770âÂÂ838) was an Arab philologist and the author of many standard books on lexicography, QurâÂÂanic sciences, hadith, and fiqh.
He was born in Herat, the son of a Byzantine slave. He left his native town and studied philology at the Basra school under many famous scholars such as al-Asmaÿi (d. 213/828), Abu ÿUbayda (d. c.210/825), and Abu Zayd al-Ansari (d. 214 or 215/830âÂÂ1), and at the Kufa school under Abu ÿAmr al-Shaybani (d. c.210/825), al-Kisaþi (d. c.189/805), and others.
He was the first to develop a recorded science for tajwid, giving the rules of tajwid names and putting it into writing in his book called al-QirÃÂ'ÃÂt. He wrote about 25 reciters, including the 7 mutawatir reciters. He made the reality, transmitted through reciters of every generation, a science with defined rules, terms, and enunciation. He wrote extensively on the originally revealed, but then abrogated, verses from the QurâÂÂan.