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500s BC (decade)
Events and trends
- 509 BCâÂÂOverthrow of the Roman monarchy, and start of the Republican period. First pair of consuls elected. Tarquinian conspiracy formed, but discovered and the conspirators executed. Forces of Veii and Tarquinii, led by the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus defeated in the Battle of Silva Arsia by the Roman army. Consul Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first republican triumph on 1 March.
- September 13, 509 BCâÂÂThe Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on Rome's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September.
- 508 BCâÂÂWar between Rome and Clusium
- 508 BCâÂÂWar between Clusium and Aricia
- 508 BCâÂÂOffice of Pontifex Maximus created in Rome.
- 508 BCâÂÂCleisthenes reorganizes Athens. He creates the deme, a local unit to serve as the basis of his political system. Citizenship is tightly linked to the deme, for each deme keeps the roll of those within its jurisdiction, who are admitted to citizenship. He groups all the demes into ten tribes, which thus form the link between the demes and the central government. The central government includes an assembly of all citizens and a new council of five hundred members. This is a very early form of democracy.
- 508 BCâÂÂIsomachos of Kroton wins the stadion race at the 68th Olympic Games.
- 506 BCâÂÂBattle of Boju: during the Spring and Autumn period of Ancient China, the forces of the State of Wu under commander and strategist Sun Tzu defeat the forces of Chu, destroying the Chu capital of Ying and forcing King Zhao of Chu to flee.
- 505 BCâÂÂ504 BCâÂÂWar between Rome and the Sabines.
- 504 BCâÂÂIsomachos wins the stadion race for a second time at the 69th Olympic Games.
- 503 BC-502 BCâÂÂThe Latin towns of Pometia and Cora, with the assistance of the Aurunci, unsuccessfully revolt against Rome.
- December 4, 502 BCâÂÂSolar eclipse darkens Egypt (computed by modern astronomers; no clear historical record of observation exists)
- 502 BCâÂÂNaxos rebels against Persian domination, sparking the Ionian Revolt.
- 501 BCâÂÂNaxos is attacked by the Persian Empire.
- 501 BCâÂÂIn response to threats by the Sabines, Rome creates the office of dictator.
- 501 BCâÂÂConfucius is appointed governor of Chung-tu.
- 501 BCâÂÂGadir (present-day Cádiz) is captured by Carthage. (approximate date)
- 500 BCâÂÂBantu-speaking people migrate into south-west Uganda from the west. (approximate date)
- 500 BCâÂÂWorld population reaches 100,000,000âÂÂthe population is 85,000,000 in the Eastern Hemisphere and 15,000,000 in the Western Hemisphere, primarily Mesoamerica (Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela).
- c. 500 BCâÂÂVulca completes Apollo of Veii, from Portonaccio Temple. It is now kept at Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia, Rome.
- c. 500 BCâÂÂYayoi period starts in Ancient Japan.
- c. 500 BCâÂÂOldest known Zapotec writing.
- 500 BCâÂÂThe Zapotecs establish Monte Albán, the sacred city, and continue building pyramids. Founded toward the end of the Middle Formative period at around 500 BC, by the Terminal Formative (ca.100 BC-AD 200) Monte Albán had become the capital of a large-scale expansionist polity that dominated much of the Oaxacan highlands and interacted with other Mesoamerican regional states such as Teotihuacan to the north (Paddock 1983; Marcus 1983).
- The Gutaii tribe emerges around this time, in Middle and Southern Africa.
Significant people
Deaths
How the world looked
References