The 45th Canadian Parliament is the current legislative session of the Parliament of Canada, which began on May 26, 2025, with the membership of the House of Commons having been determined by the results of the 2025 federal election held on April 28.
Overview
Canada's constitution mandates reviews of electoral divisions following each decennial census to reflect changes and movements in population. This parliament is the first one seated in accordance with the 2023 representation orders determined based on the 2021 census, which expanded the House of Commons by five seats (1 in British Columbia, 3 in Alberta, and 1 in Ontario).
The session was opened personally by Charles III, King of Canada, on May 27, 2025, during his first royal visit to Canada as monarch. This was the first time in over half a century that the reigning monarch had opened parliament, since Elizabeth II did so for the 23rd Canadian Parliament in 1957, as well as the first time the sovereign had personally read the Speech from the Throne since Elizabeth II did so at the opening of the third session of the 30th Canadian Parliament in 1977. Its legislative session commenced on May 26, 2025, with the unprecedented event of a prime minister taking a seat in parliament for the first time.
Sessions
The 45th Parliament is currently in its first session:
Legislation and motions
Acts which received royal assent
Leadership of the House of Commons
Presiding officer
Government leadership (Liberal)
Opposition leadership (Conservative)
House Committees
Joint Committees
Leadership of the Senate
Presiding officer
Government leadership (non-affiliated)
Senate Committees
Timeline
Changes in MPs
2025
- April 28 â In the 45th Canadian federal election, the incumbent Liberal Party wins the most seats in the House of Commons, but fails to reach a majority government.
- May 13 â The new Ministry is sworn in, overseen by Governor General Mary Simon.
- May 26 â Lac-Saint-Louis MP Francis Scarpaleggia is elected Speaker of the House of Commons.
- May 27 â Opening of the 45th Parliament and the Speech from the Throne, delivered by Charles III, King of Canada.
- June 2 â Carney government loses non-binding motion by 166 to 164 that it present a budget before the House of Commons rises for summer vacation on 20 June. Carney and Champagne had announced their plans not to produce a budget before the Speech from the Throne, if not earlier.
- June 5 â Carney government wins approval of motion in support of the Speech from the Throne, without recorded division. The NDP said it planned not to support the motion, but support from the Bloc Québécois had been guaranteed since 29 April.
- June 17 â Conservative MP Damien Kurek for Battle RiverâÂÂCrowfoot resigns his seat to allow Conservative Party leader Pierre Poilievre to run in a by-election.
- August 18 â Pierre Poilievre is elected as the new member for Battle RiverâÂÂCrowfoot, retaining the seat for his party.
- September 16 â Liberal MP Chrystia Freeland for UniversityâÂÂRosedale resigns from Cabinet and announces that she will not seek re-election at the next federal election. Carney then shuffles his Cabinet.
- November 4 â Conservative MP Chris d'Entremont for AcadieâÂÂAnnapolis crosses the floor to the Liberal Party in order to support the government's budget.
- November 6 - Conservative MP Matt Jeneroux for Edmonton Riverbend announces his intention to resign his seat in spring 2026.
- November 17 â The federal budget passes by a vote of 170 to 168, with 4 absentions and 1 absence.
- November 27 â Liberal MP Steven Guilbeault for LaurierâÂÂSainte-Marie resigns from Cabinet.
- December 1 â Carney conducts a minor Cabinet shuffle.
- December 11 â Conservative MP Michael Ma for MarkhamâÂÂUnionville crosses the floor to the Liberal Party.
2026
Membership changes
House of Commons
Senate
Party standings
Members of the House of Commons
Members of the Senate
See also
Notes
References