The 305mm/45 Modèle 1906 gun was a heavy naval gun of the French Navy.
The type was used on the , mounted in two twin turrets. An improved version, the 305mm/45 Modèle 1910 gun, was installed on the Courbet class. Six surplus guns were modified to become railway guns and designated Canon de 305 modèle 1906/10 àglissement at the end of World War I, and, although too late to see action in that war, they were used during the Second World War.