The 2026 Social Democratic Party leadership election will be held on 6 April 2026 to elect the next chairperson of the Social Democratic Party of Japan (SDP). The election was originally scheduled for 9 February 2026 but was postponed due to the 2026 general election following the dissolution of the House of Representatives.
In November 2025, Kunio Arakaki, the only House of Representatives member belonging to SDP, announced his intention to leave the party, citing a disagreement with the current chairwoman, Mizuho Fukushima. Following the approval of his leaving, SDP faced a historic crisis: for the first time - including the era of its predecessor, Japan Socialist Party (JSP) â the party held zero seats in the House of Representatives.
Meanwhile, in the 2026 general election, Fukushima officially nominated former House of Representative member Chobin Zukeran as Okinawa 2nd candidate, positioned as a "challenger" to unseat Arakaki, who had left the party. This move split the "All Okinawa" camp - a coalition united in opposition to the relocation of U.S. military bases. As a result of this division, both Arakaki and Zukeran failed to win their seats in the election.
Following the election, eight members of the Okinawa Prefectural Chapter of the SDPâÂÂincluding Kanashi Kà Âki, who was partyâÂÂs only member in the Okinawa Prefectural Assembly. The move was attributed to their dissatisfaction with the SDP headquarters' handling of the election.
The election was officially announced on 4 March, with three candidates entering the race: former vice chairwoman Yà «ko à Âtsubaki, current vice chairman LaSalle Ishii, and current chairwoman Fukushima. As party's first contested election in 13 years, the central focus was on strategies to revitalize the partyâÂÂs declining political influence.
Since no candidate secured a majority of the votes in the first round, a run-off vote between the front-runner, Fukushima, and the runner-up, Ã Âtsubaki, was decided.