The 2024 World Athletics U20 Championships, also known colloquially by its former official title, the World Junior Championships, is an international athletics competition for athletes qualifying as juniors (born no earlier than 1 January 2005). The event is being staged in Lima, Peru from 27 to 31 August 2024. On 5 April 2023 it was announced that the city had initially withdrawn as a host of the 2024 World Athletics U20 Championships due to "recent political instability, social unrest and natural disasters". However on 14 August 2023, Lima was reinstated as host city for the event as all the issues were stabilised.
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The following is a list of participating nations with the number of qualified athletes in brackets. A country without any qualified athlete could enter either one male or one female. A total 134 National Associations (plus the teams from Authorized Neutral Athletes and Athlete Refugee Team) and 1,720 athletes are scheduled to compete.