In 2017, FC Shakhter Karagandy played its 26th successive season in the Kazakhstan Premier League, the highest tier of association football in Kazakhstan. Shakhter Karagandy also participated in the Kazakhstan Cup.
Shakhter Karagandy's away game against Aktobe on 22 April was postponed as Aktobes pitch at their stadium was not ready after an extended period of winter weather.
On 29 May, Aleksei Yeryomenko was fired as the club's manager, with Saulius Shirmyalisa being appointed as the club's manager on 2 June.
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|- |colspan="14"|Players away from Shakhter Karagandy on loan: |- |colspan="14"|Players who left Shakhter Karagandy during the season: