The 2006 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming was held on November 7, 2006. Incumbent Republican Congresswoman Barbara Cubin ran for re-election. Despite Wyoming's historic tendency to favor Republican candidates, Cubin faced a difficult challenge from businessman Gary Trauner, the Democratic nominee. Cubin ultimately won re-election by a 0.5 percent margin, defeating Trauner by just 1,012 votes.