The 2006 Big Ten men's basketball tournament was played between March 9 and March 12, 2006, at the Conseco Fieldhouse in Indianapolis, Indiana. It was the ninth annual Big Ten men's basketball tournament. For the third straight year, the top two seed met in the championship game. The championship was won by Iowa Hawkeyes who defeated Ohio State to win the championship. As a result, Iowa received the Big Ten's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. This marked Iowa's second tournament championship in three appearances.
All Big Ten schools played in the tournament. Teams were seeded by conference record, with a tiebreaker system used to seed teams with identical conference records. Seeding for the tournament was determined at the close of the regular conference season. The top five teams received a first round bye.
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