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1 22 polytope

In 6-dimensional geometry, the 1<sub>22</sub> polytope is a uniform polytope, constructed from the E<sub>6</sub> group. It was first published in E. L. Elte's 1912 listing of semiregular polytopes, named as V<sub>72</sub> (for its 72 vertices).

Its Coxeter symbol is 1<sub>22</sub>, describing its bifurcating Coxeter-Dynkin diagram, with a single ring on the end of the 1-node sequence. There are two rectifications of the 1<sub>22</sub>, constructed by positions points on the elements of 1<sub>22</sub>. The rectified 1<sub>22</sub> is constructed by points at the mid-edges of the 1<sub>22</sub>. The birectified 1<sub>22</sub> is constructed by points at the triangle face centers of the 1<sub>22</sub>.

These polytopes are from a family of 39 convex uniform polytopes in 6-dimensions, made of uniform polytope facets and vertex figures, defined by all permutations of rings in this Coxeter-Dynkin diagram: .

1<sub>22</sub> polytope

The 1<sub>22</sub> polytope contains 72 vertices, and 54 5-demicubic facets. It has a birectified 5-simplex vertex figure. Its 72 vertices represent the root vectors of the simple Lie group E<sub>6</sub>.

Alternate names

  • Pentacontatetrapeton (Acronym: mo) - 54-facetted polypeton (Jonathan Bowers)

Images

Vertices are colored by their multiplicity in this projection, in progressive order: red, orange, yellow, green. The multiplicities of vertices by color are given in parentheses.

Construction

It is created by a Wythoff construction upon a set of 6 hyperplane mirrors in 6-dimensional space.

The facet information can be extracted from its Coxeter-Dynkin diagram, .

Removing the node on either of 2-length branches leaves the 5-demicube, 1<sub>21</sub>, .

The vertex figure is determined by removing the ringed node and ringing the neighboring node. This makes the birectified 5-simplex, 0<sub>22</sub>, .

Seen in a configuration matrix, the element counts can be derived by mirror removal and ratios of Coxeter group orders.

Related complex polyhedron

The regular complex polyhedron <sub>3</sub>{3}<sub>3</sub>{4}<sub>2</sub>, , in has a real representation as the 1<sub>22</sub> polytope in 4-dimensional space. It has 72 vertices, 216 3-edges, and 54 3{3}3 faces. Its complex reflection group is <sub>3</sub>[3]<sub>3</sub>[4]<sub>2</sub>, order 1296. It has a half-symmetry quasiregular construction as , as a rectification of the Hessian polyhedron, .

Related polytopes and honeycomb

Along with the semiregular polytope, 2<sub>21</sub>, it is also one of a family of 39 convex uniform polytopes in 6-dimensions, made of uniform polytope facets and vertex figures, defined by all permutations of rings in this Coxeter-Dynkin diagram: .

Geometric folding

The 1<sub>22</sub> is related to the 24-cell by a geometric folding E6 → F4 of Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams, E6 corresponding to 1<sub>22</sub> in 6 dimensions, F4 to the 24-cell in 4 dimensions. This can be seen in the Coxeter plane projections. The 24 vertices of the 24-cell are projected in the same two rings as seen in the 1<sub>22</sub>.

Tessellations

This polytope is the vertex figure for a uniform tessellation of 6-dimensional space, 2<sub>22</sub>, .

Rectified 1<sub>22</sub> polytope

The rectified 1<sub>22</sub> polytope (also called 0<sub>221</sub>) can tessellate 6-dimensional space as the Voronoi cell of the E6* honeycomb lattice (dual of E6 lattice).

Alternate names

  • Birectified 2<sub>21</sub> polytope
  • Rectified pentacontatetrapeton (Acronym: ram) - rectified 54-facetted polypeton (Jonathan Bowers)

Images

Vertices are colored by their multiplicity in this projection, in progressive order: red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, purple.

Construction

Its construction is based on the E<sub>6</sub> group and information can be extracted from the ringed Coxeter-Dynkin diagram representing this polytope: .

Removing the ring on the short branch leaves the birectified 5-simplex, .

Removing the ring on either of 2-length branches leaves the birectified 5-orthoplex in its alternated form: t<sub>2</sub>(2<sub>11</sub>), .

The vertex figure is determined by removing the ringed node and ringing the neighboring ring. This makes 3-3 duoprism prism, {3}×{3}×{}, .

Seen in a configuration matrix, the element counts can be derived by mirror removal and ratios of Coxeter group orders.

Truncated 1<sub>22</sub> polytope

Alternate names

  • Truncated 1<sub>22</sub> polytope (Acronym: tim)

Construction

Its construction is based on the E<sub>6</sub> group and information can be extracted from the ringed Coxeter-Dynkin diagram representing this polytope: .

Images

Vertices are colored by their multiplicity in this projection, in progressive order: red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue.

Birectified 1<sub>22</sub> polytope

Alternate names

  • Bicantellated 2<sub>21</sub>
  • Birectified pentacontatetrapeton (barm) (Jonathan Bowers)

Images

Vertices are colored by their multiplicity in this projection, in progressive order: red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, purple, magenta, red-violet.

Trirectified 1<sub>22</sub> polytope

Alternate names

  • Tricantellated 2<sub>21</sub>
  • Trirectified pentacontatetrapeton (Acronym: trim, old: cacam, tram, mak) (Jonathan Bowers)

See also

Notes

References

  • H. S. M. Coxeter, Regular Polytopes, 3rd Edition, Dover, New York, 1973
  • Kaleidoscopes: Selected Writings of H.S.M. Coxeter, edited by F. Arthur Sherk, Peter McMullen, Anthony C. Thompson, Asia Ivić Weiss, Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1995, wiley.com,
  • (Paper 24) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes III, [Math. Zeit. 200 (1988) 3–45], p. 334 (figure 3.6a) by Peter mcMullen: (12-gonal node-edge graph of 1<sub>22</sub>)
  • o3o3o3o3o *c3x - mo, o3o3x3o3o *c3o - ram, o3o3x3o3o *c3x - tim, o3x3o3x3o *c3o - barm, x3o3o3o3x *c3o - trim