There were five elections to the United States House of Representatives in 1983, during the 98th United States Congress.
Elections are listed by date and district.
|- ! | Phil Gramm | | Democratic | 1978 | | Incumbent resigned January 5, 1983, then ran as a Republican.<br>Incumbent re-elected February 12, 1983.<br/>Republican gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Benjamin S. Rosenthal | | Democratic | 1962 | | Incumbent died January 4, 1983.<br/>New member elected March 1, 1983.<br/>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new district) | | Representative-elect Jack Swigert (R) died December 27, 1982, of bone cancer.<br/>New member elected March 29, 1983.<br />Republican gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Phillip Burton | | Democratic | 1964 | | Incumbent died April 10, 1983.<br/>New member elected June 21, 1983.<br/>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Harold Washington | | Democratic | 1980 | | Incumbent resigned April 30, 1983, to become Mayor of Chicago.<br/>New member elected August 23, 1983.<br/>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Larry McDonald | | Democratic | 1974 | | Incumbent died September 1, 1983, on Korean Air Lines Flight 007.<br/>New member elected November 8, 1983.<br/>Democratic hold. | nowrap | <br/>