The 1980 Maharashtra State Assembly election was held in July 1980. A total of 288 seats were contested.
The Indian National Congress (Indira) got a clear majority, winning 186 seats, when 144 were required for a simple majority. Abdul Rehman Antulay became Chief Minister, Sharad Shankar Dighe became Speaker, and Sharad Pawar became leader of the opposition.
!colspan=10| |- align=center !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center colspan=2|Political Party !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Candidates !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Seats won !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Seat +/- !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Votes !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Vote % !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" |Vote % +/- |- | |align="left"|Indian National Congress (Indira)||286||186|| 124||7,809,533||44.50%|| 26.16% |- | |align="left"|Indian National Congress (Urs)||192||47|| 22 (from INC seats)||3,596,582||20.49%|| 4.84% (from INC vote share) |- | |align="left"|Janata Party||111||17|| 82||1,511,042||8.61%|| 19.38% |- | |align="left"|Bharatiya Janata Party||145||14|| 14||1,645,734||9.38%|| 9.38% (New Party) |- | |align="left"|Peasants and Workers Party of India||41||9|| 4||726,338||4.14%|| 1.40% |- | |align="left"|Communist Party of India||17||2|| 1||230,570||1.31%|| 0.17% |- | |align="left"|Communist Party of India (Marxist)||10||2|| 7||162,651||0.93%|| 0.76% |- | |align="left"|Republican Party of India (Khobragade)||42||1|| 1||239,286||1.36%|| 0.05% |- | |36 |0 | 2 |132,798 |0.76% | 0.30% |- | |1 |0 |3 |5,598 |0.03% |0.79% |- | |align="left"|Independents||612||10|| 18||1,409,177||8.03%|| 6.03% |-style="background-color:#E9E9E9" | |align="left"|Total||1537||288||||17,548,655||53.30%|| 14.29% |-