The 1978 NCAA Division II men's basketball tournament involved 32 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball as a culmination of the 1977-78 NCAA Division II men's basketball season. It was won by Cheyney State of Pennsylvania and Cheyney's Andrew Fields was the Most Outstanding Player.
<nowiki>*</nowiki>denotes tie
Location: Cope Hall Host: Cheyney State College
Location: Volpe Center Host: Merrimack College
Location: Florida Tech Fieldhouse Host: Florida Technological University
Location: Matador Gymnasium Host: California State University, Northridge
Location: Lantz Arena Host: Eastern Illinois University
Location: Towson Center Host: Towson State University
Location: Hammons Center Host: Southwest Missouri State University
Location: Brown County Veterans Memorial Arena Host: University of Wisconsin at Green Bay
<nowiki>*</nowiki>denotes each overtime played
Location: Hammons Center Host: Southwest Missouri State University
<nowiki>*</nowiki>denotes each overtime played
â Florida Tech is now known as University of Central Florida, as opposed to the current Florida Institute of Technology.