The 1968 United States Senate election in Alabama took place on November 5, 1968. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator J. Lister Hill retired. He was succeeded by Lieutenant Governor of Alabama James Allen, who won a hotly contested primary over Armistead I. Selden Jr. In the general election, Allen easily defeated Republican Probate Judge Perry O. Hooper Sr. and National Democratic nominee Robert Schwenn.
Because no candidate received a majority in the first round, Allen and Selden advanced to a run-off election on June 4.