The 1959 Football Championship of UkrSSR were part of the 1959 Soviet republican football competitions in the Soviet Ukraine. This was the last time such competitions were conducted at this level. The next season competitions were merged with Class B competitions.
Some 80 teams participated this season and were originally split into 10 groups of eight teams each. The first stage lasted from July 5 to October 4. Winners of all qualification groups formed two semifinal groups which were taking place in Kharkiv and Drohobych on October 17-24. Top two team of semifinal groups proceeded to the final group which was taking place in Kyiv on October 28-31. All final group participants were admitted to the 1960 Ukrainian Class B except for SKVO Odesa, a team of which already competed at team of master's at the level. In addition, eight more teams were admitted to the Class B including six teams from qualification groups.
Following this season, there were established such teams of masters in Ukraine such as FC Mariupol, FC Volyn Lutsk, FC Podillya Khmelnytskyi, FC Avanhard Sumy, FC Desna Chernihiv.
There also were some clone teams that competed at republican level as well as the All-Union level, among which are Avanhard Mykolaiv, SKVO Odesa, Avanhard Simferopol, Chervona Zirka Kirovohrad.
Last season: Budivelnyk Zaporizhia, Avanhard Velykyi Tokmak, Avanhard Kherson
Last season: Burevisnyk Melitopol, Mashynobudivnyk Zaporizhia, Mashynobudivnyk Dnipropetrovsk, Shakhtar Rutchenkove, Avanhard Berdiansk
Avanhard Zhovti Vody: Yuriy Zinchenko (goalie), Anatoliy Kokhanov (goalie), Leonid Trypolskyi, Aleksandr Lunin (RUS), Anatoliy Havryuk, Leontiy Dobrov, Vladimir Tupichev (RUS), Viktor Stryzhak, Hennadiy Kyrylov, Viktor Sukovitsyn (RUS), Boris Fisher (EST), Borys Tiahai, Viktor Frolov, Yuliy Dmitriyev (RUS).
Coach: Matviy Cherkaskyi
The Ukrainian SSR was presented with 28 teams of masters (exhibition teams) at the All-Union level: