The 1948 United States Senate election in Tennessee took place on November 2, 1948, concurrently with the U.S. presidential election, as well as elections to the United States Senate in other states as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic Senator Tom Stewart was defeated in the Democratic primary by Estes Kefauver. In the general election, Kefauver defeated Republican Congressman B. Carroll Reece.
For the 1948 U.S. Senate election in Tennessee, Congressman Estes Kefauver challenged the incumbent Tom Stewart, who was backed by longtime Memphis political boss Crump. Crump ran attack ads against Kefauver and his ally, Gordon Browning, who was running for governor, criticizing Browning's record as governor and accusing Kefauver of being a communist sympathizer.
Browning and Kefauver worked together to challenge Crump's influence, highlighting the weakening of his political machine. Key voting groupsâÂÂincluding black voters in Memphis, returning veterans, and labor supportersâÂÂshifted away from Crump-backed candidates. On primary election day, Browning defeated Governor Jim Nance McCord for the Democratic nomination, while Kefauver defeated Stewart. This marked the first major statewide loss for a Crump-backed candidate in more than twenty years.
While B. Carroll Reece was the Chairman of the Republican National Committee (RNC), Republican leaders in Tennessee began to discuss the prospect of Reece running for the United States Senate. As Tennessee law allowed a person to qualify for a primary without candidate consent, Reece's associates entered his name into the primary. Reece stepped down from his chairmanship of the RNC after the nomination of Thomas E. Dewey at the 1948 Republican National Convention. After considering the option of running for his former position representing Tennessee's 1st congressional district, Reece instead announced his candidacy for the Republican nomination for the United States Senate. Allen J. Strawbridge, a lawyer from Dresden, Tennessee, was also certified to participate in the Republican primary. Reece defeated Strawbridge in the Republican primary.
In the general election, Reece ran on an anti-communist platform. An uncertainty at the beginning of the general election was Boss Crump. Kefauver had won over Crump's preferred candidate and Crump had long maintained a political détente with East Tennessee Republicans. Tennessee Republicans were optimistic that Crump would either support Reece or oppose Kefauver. While Crump did not support Kefauver, he did drop his opposition in the month before the election. Reece lost the general election by a similar margin as most Tennessee Republicans running statewide in that era.