The 1908 Canadian federal election was held on Monday October 26, 1908 to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 11th Parliament of Canada. Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier's Liberal Party of Canada was re-elected for a fourth consecutive term in government with a majority government. The Liberals lost four seats and a small share of the popular vote.
Sir Robert Borden's Conservatives and Liberal-Conservatives won ten additional seats.
This was the first election following the creation of the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. Following their creation in 1905, the two new provinces continued to be represented by MPs initially elected under the old Northwest Territories riding boundaries, some of which straddled the new provincial border. The remainder of the Northwest Territories that previously had Parliamentary representation lost it, although parts of the NWT would gain or regain representation after being added to Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec in 1912. A seat would not be created for the NWT itself again (which then contained the modern NWT and Nunavut) until 1949.
This election was the last time a prime minister managed to retain power into a fourth consecutive term.
Most of the ridings elected one member through first post the post voting. But Halifax and Queen's (PEI) each elected two MPs through plurality block voting.