A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Mudgee on 6 March 1883 because of the resignation of Adolphus Taylor after a heated argument with the member for Upper Hunter John McElhone in which McElhone challenged Taylor to resign and both would contest Taylor's seat.
<includeonly> Adolphus Taylor resigned after a challenge by John McElhone.</includeonly>
McElhone was re-elected at the by-election for Upper Hunter which was conducted on the same day, with the Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate reporting that McElhone had been nominated without his authority.