The 1862âÂÂ63 United States House of Representatives elections were held between June 2, 1862, and November 3, 1863, to elect the 184 members and eight non-voting delegates of the House of Representatives. The Republican-Union coalition won a reduced majority against the backdrop of the American Civil War.
In the first real test of opposition to the Lincoln administration, the Democratic Party made large gains in these and concurrent elections held in 1862 and 1863 but failed to take control of the House. Much of the campaign focussed on emancipation and Lincoln's handling of the war. Lincoln issued the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation on September 22, weeks before critical races in Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, (October 14) and New York (November 3). Democrats denounced emancipation as tyrannical and a threat to white supremacy. Democratic election propaganda charged their opponents with bloodlust and religious fanaticism and made frequent appeals to anti-Black racism. While Radical Republicans defended the measure, others felt compelled to distance themselves from the president's policy. In Indiana and Ohio, the Union Party downplayed the slavery issue. The issue was particularly troublesome for Unionists in the border states. Kentucky's Union Democratic Party disavowed the proclamation ahead of congressional elections held in August 1863. In Maryland and Missouri, Unionists welcomed emancipation in principle but divided over questions over gradual versus immediate abolition and the enlistment of Black soldiers.
Other issues impacted the election, including Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus, conscription, and the progress of the war. Inconclusive Union victories at Antietam, Corinth, and Perryville contributed to a perception that the administration's military strategy was ineffective. Democrats charged the administration with subordinating the restoration of the Union to the radical social policy of the abolitionist movement.
During this election, the Republican Party formed a coalition with War Democrats and border state unionists who supported the war effort. In most states, this coalition was known as the Union Party or as the Republican-Union Party. In parts of New England and the Upper Midwest, pro-administration candidates still called themselves Republicans. The Missouri Unionists were known as the Emancipation Party and split between Immediate and Gradual Emancipationists during this election. The Republican-Union coalition became the basis for the National Union Party which contested the next election.
While contemporary observers interpreted the elections as a "severe reproof" of the administration, the results of the elections were inconclusive. Democrats flipped more than 30 seats compared to the last election, while Republican-Unionists suffered serious losses across the Lower North. The strong showing for Union candidates in the border states, however, salvaged the Republican-Unionist majority. Among the defeated Republican-Unionists was the incumbent speaker of the House of Representatives Galusha A. Grow, who lost his Pennsylvania district to a Democratic challenger. This was the last election in which a sitting speaker of the House was defeated for re-election until 1994, when George Nethercutt defeated Tom Foley in Washington's 5th congressional district.
Reapportionment took place following the 1860 United States census. The 1862 apportionment act increased the size of the House to 241 seats from 233. Fifty-eight seats were vacant due to secession.
Three seats were transferred from Virginia to West Virginia following the latter's admission on June 20, 1863. One seat was allocated to Nevada upon its admission on October 31, 1864, increasing the size of the House to 242 seats and the number of elected members to 184.
Special elections were held in 1862 and 1863 to fill 12 vacancies in the 37th Congress and four vacancies in the 38th Congress.
|- ! | John William Reid | | Democratic | 1860 | | Incumbent expelled December 2, 1861.<br>New member elected January 6, 1862.<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Henry C. Burnett | | Southern Rights | 1855 | | Incumbent expelled December 3, 1861.<br>New member elected January 20, 1862.<br>Union Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Winner unseated February 11, 1862.<br>Previous winner re-elected March 15, 1862.<br>Union hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | John A. Logan | | Democratic | 1858 | | Incumbent resigned April 2, 1862.<br>New member elected May 6, 1862.<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Thomas B. Cooper | | Democratic | 1860 | | Incumbent died April 4, 1862.<br>New member elected May 24, 1862.<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Charles W. Walton | | Republican | 1860 | | Incumbent resigned May 26, 1862.<br>New member elected September 8, 1862.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | James S. Jackson | | Union<br>Democratic | 1861 | | Incumbent resigned December 13, 1861.<br>New member elected October 27, 1862.<br>Union Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Goldsmith Bailey | | Republican | 1860 | | Incumbent died May 8, 1862.<br>New member elected November 4, 1862.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Luther Hanchett | | Republican | 1860 | | Incumbent died November 24, 1862.<br>New member elected December 30, 1862.<br>Republican hold.<br>Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. | nowrap |
|- ! | Charles H. Upton | | Union | 1861 | | Incumbent unseated February 27, 1862.<br>New member elected January 15, 1863.<br>Union hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent withdrew January 26, 1861.<br>New member elected December 3, 1862.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent withdrew January 26, 1861.<br>New member elected December 3, 1862.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Luther Hanchett | | Republican | 1860 | | Incumbent died November 23, 1862, after winning re-election.<br>New member elected December 30, 1862.<br>Republican hold.<br>Successor was also elected to finish the current term; see above. | nowrap |
|- ! | John W. Noell | | Emancipation | 1860 | | Incumbent died March 14, 1863.<br>New member elected August 3, 1863.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Erastus Corning | | Democratic | 1860 | | Incumbent resigned October 5, 1863.<br>New member elected November 3, 1863.<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | William Temple | | Democratic | 1862 | | Incumbent died May 28, 1863.<br>New member elected November 19, 1863.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
Alabama did not hold elections as a result of secession.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 12, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
Arkansas held no elections in 1862 or 1863 as a result of secession. Late elections were held in 1864, but the elected members were not seated by the House.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since May 6, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since May 6, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since May 6, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
California elected its members on September 2, 1863, after the term began but before Congress convened. Voters chose three members on a statewide general ticket to represent the state's at-large congressional district.
|- ! rowspan=3 | <br/> | Timothy Phelps | | Republican | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | rowspan=3 nowrap |
|- | Aaron A. Sargent | | Republican | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain.
|- | Frederick F. Low | | Republican | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain.
Connecticut elected its members April 6, 1863, after the term began but before Congress convened.
|- ! | Dwight Loomis | | 1859 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | James E. English | | 1861 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Alfred A. Burnham | | 1859 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | George C. Woodruff | | 1861 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>Union gain. | nowrap |
See non-voting delegates, below.
Delaware elected its member on November 1, 1862.
|- ! rowspan=3 | | George P. Fisher | | People's | 1860 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
See non-voting delegates, below.
Florida did not hold elections as a result of secession.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 10, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
Georgia did not hold elections as a result of secession.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 19, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
See non-voting delegates, below.
Illinois elected its members on November 4, 1862.
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Isaac N. Arnold<br> | | 1860 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Elihu B. Washburne<br> | | 1852 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William Kellogg | | 1856 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Owen Lovejoy<br> | | 1856 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Philip B. Fouke | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3| None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Anthony L. Knapp<br> | | 1861 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | James C. Robinson<br> | | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William J. Allen<br> | | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
Indiana elected its members on October 14, 1862.
|- ! | John Law | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | James A. Cravens | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | William M. Dunn | | 1858 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William S. Holman | | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | George W. Julian | | 1860 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Albert G. Porter | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Daniel W. Voorhees | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Albert Smith White | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Schuyler Colfax | | 1854 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William Mitchell | | 1860 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | John U. Pettit | | 1856 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
Iowa elected its members on October 14, 1862.
|- ! | Samuel R. Curtis | | 1856 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | William Vandever | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Republican gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Republican gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Republican gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Republican gain. | nowrap |
Kansas elected its member on November 4, 1862.
Whereas the Union Party replaced the Republicans in most states during the war, the Kansas Republican Party remained active. In a factional schism, opponents of U.S. senator Jim Lane split from the Republican Party in 1862 to form the Union Party with the support of the state's Democrats. This party, which nominated Marcus J. Parrott for Congress, was not affiliated with the national Republican-Union coalition and broke apart during the 1864 presidential election.
|- ! | Martin F. Conway | | 1859 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
Kentucky elected its members on August 3, 1863, after the new term began but before Congress convened.
|- ! | Samuel L. Casey | | Union<br>Democratic | 1862 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | George H. Yeaman | | Union<br>Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Henry Grider | | Union<br>Democratic | 1861 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Aaron Harding | | Union<br>Democratic | 1861 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Charles A. Wickliffe | | Union<br>Democratic | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union Democratic loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | Robert Mallory<br> | | Union<br>Democratic | 1859 | Incumbent re-elected.
|- ! rowspan=2 | | George W. Dunlap | | Union<br>Democratic | 1859 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Unconditional Union Democratic gain. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | John W. Menzies<br> | | Union<br>Democratic | 1861 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Union Democratic loss.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Union Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent died July 26, 1863.<br>Union Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | William H. Wadsworth | | Union<br>Democratic | 1861 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
Louisiana held no elections for the 38th Congress in 1862 or 1863 as a result of secession. Late elections were held on September 5, 1864, but the elected members were not seated by the House.
|- ! | Benjamin Flanders | | Union | 1862 | | No election.<br>Union loss. | nowrap | None.
|- ! | Michael Hahn | | Union | 1862 | | No election.<br>Union loss. | nowrap | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 26, 1861.<br>No election. | nowrap | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 26, 1861.<br>No election. | nowrap | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 26, 1861.<br>No election. | nowrap | None.
Maine elected its members on September 8, 1862.
|- ! | John N. Goodwin | | Republican | 1860 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Charles W. Walton | | Republican | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Samuel C. Fessenden | | Republican | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Anson Morrill | | Republican | 1856 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | John H. Rice<br> | | Republican | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected.
|- ! | Frederick A. Pike<br> | | Republican | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
Maryland elected its members on November 3, 1863, after the new term began but before Congress convened.
|- ! | John W. Crisfield | | Union | 1861 | | Incumbent lost re-election as a Democrat.<br>Union hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Edwin H. Webster | | Union | 1859 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Cornelius Leary | | Union | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union hold. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Henry May | | Union and Peace | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union and Peace loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | Francis Thomas<br> | | Union | 1861 | Incumbent re-elected.
|- ! | Charles B. Calvert<br> | | Union | 1861 | | Incumbent lost re-election as a Conservative Unionist.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
Massachusetts elected its members on November 1, 1862.
Massachusetts Republicans resisted incorporation into the Union Party in 1861 and 1862. Conservative Republicans, former Whigs, and Democrats attended the state convention of the Constitutional Union Party which nominated candidates for the upcoming elections. The convention called itself the People's Party in order to attract votes from Democrats. Conservative former Whigs and Republicans in the party expressed strong support for the Lincoln administration during the spring and summer under the belief that the president firmly opposed emancipation. The Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, issued less than two weeks before the state convention met, helped to divide and defeat the new party in its infancy.
|- ! | Thomas D. Eliot | | Republican | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | James Buffington | | Republican | 1854 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Alexander H. Rice<br> | | Republican | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Samuel Hooper<br> | | Republican | 1861 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | John B. Alley<br> | | Republican | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Daniel W. Gooch<br> | | Republican | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Benjamin F. Thomas<br> | | Union | 1861 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Republican gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Charles R. Train | | Republican | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent died May 8, 1862.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Charles Delano | | Republican | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | Henry L. Dawes<br> | | Republican | 1856 | Incumbent re-elected.
Michigan elected its members on November 4, 1862.
A Democratic proposal for a bipartisan Union ticket was rejected by the Radical leadership of the Michigan Republican Party. The Democrats went ahead with plans for a Union state convention and called themselves Union Democrats or Fusionists during the campaign in hopes of attracting votes from disaffected Conservative Republicans. Some conservatives did support the Union ticket, which was disavowed by the Republican state committee.
|- ! | Fernando C. Beaman<br> | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Republican gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Bradley F. Granger<br> | | 1860 | | Incumbent lost re-election as a Union Democrat.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Francis W. Kellogg<br> | | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Rowland E. Trowbridge<br> | | 1860 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Union Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Republican gain. | nowrap |
Minnesota elected its members on November 4, 1862.
|- ! | William Windom<br> | | 1859 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Cyrus Aldrich<br> | | 1859 | | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
Mississippi did not hold elections as a result of secession.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 9, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 9, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 9, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 9, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since January 9, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
Missouri elected its members on November 4, 1862.
Missouri Unionists contested this election as the Emancipation Party. The party was divided ideologically between conservative Claybanks, who favored a plan of gradual emancipation, and radical Charcoals, who supported immediate emancipation. In St. Louis, Gradual and Immediate Emancipationists ran opposing tickets. Some sources list the Gradual Emancipation candidates as Republicans; however, the Republican state committee deliberately deemphasized old party labels in its call for the state convention which gave rise to the Emancipation Party. Francis Preston Blair Jr., the most prominent leader of the Antebellum Missouri Republican Party, was nominated on the Union Emancipation ticket in Missouri's 1st congressional district and contested the election as a Gradual Emancipationist.
|- ! | Francis P. Blair Jr. | | 1860 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Gradual Emancipationist.<br>Gradual Emancipation gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Immediate Emancipation gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | John B. Clark | | 1856 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | John W. Noell<br> | | 1858 | | Incumbent re-elected as an Emancipationist.<br>Emancipation gain.
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Elijah H. Norton | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Immediate Emancipation gain. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | John S. Phelps<br> | | 1844 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic loss.
|- ! | Thomas L. Price | | Democratic | 1862 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Immediate Emancipation gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Immediate Emancipation gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William A. Hall<br> | | Democratic | 1861 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | James S. Rollins<br> | | Constitutional<br>Union | 1860 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Conservative Unionist.<br>Conservative Union gain. | nowrap |
See non-voting delegates, below.
See non-voting delegates, below.
New Hampshire elected its members on March 10, 1863.
|- ! | Gilman Marston | | 1859 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Edward H. Rollins | | 1861 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Thomas M. Edwards | | 1859 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
See non-voting delegates, below.
New Jersey elected its members on November 4, 1862.
|- ! | John T. Nixon | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | John L. N. Stratton | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William G. Steele | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | George T. Cobb | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Nehemiah Perry | | 1858 | Incumbent re-elected | nowrap |
New York elected its members on November 4, 1862.
|- ! | Edward H. Smith | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | William Wall<br> | | 1860 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Moses F. Odell<br> | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Benjamin Wood<br> | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3| Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Frederick A. Conkling | | 1860 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Republican loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | Elijah Ward<br> | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected.
|- ! | colspan=3| Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Isaac C. Delaplaine | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Charles Van Wyck | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic gain. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | Edward Haight<br> | | 1860 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic loss.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Charles L. Beale | | 1858 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | John B. Steele<br> | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Erastus Corning | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | James B. McKean | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William A. Wheeler | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Socrates N. Sherman | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Chauncey Vibbard | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Richard Franchot | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Ambrose W. Clark<br> | | 1860 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Roscoe Conkling<br> | | 1858 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William E. Lansing | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Charles B. Sedgwick | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | Theodore M. Pomeroy<br> | | 1860 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Jacob P. Chamberlain | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Alexander S. Diven | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | Robert B. Van Valkenburgh<br> | | 1860 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Alfred Ely | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | Augustus Frank<br> | | 1858 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain.
|- ! | Elbridge G. Spaulding<br> | | 1858 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Burt Van Horn | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | Reuben Fenton | | 1856 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain.
North Carolina did not hold elections as a result of secession.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since May 20, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since May 20, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since May 20, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since May 20, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since May 20, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since May 20, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since May 20, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
Ohio elected its members on October 14, 1862.
|- ! | George H. Pendleton | | 1856 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | John A. Gurley | | 1858 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Clement Vallandigham | | 1858 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William Allen | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Chilton A. White | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=3 | | Richard A. Harrison | | Union | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br/>Union loss. | rowspan=3 nowrap |
|- | Samuel S. Cox<br> | | 1856 | Incumbent re-elected.
|- | Samuel Shellabarger<br/> | | 1860 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Republican loss.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Warren P. Noble | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | Samuel T. Worcester<br> | | 1861 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Republican loss.
|- ! | James M. Ashley<br> | | 1858 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Valentine B. Horton | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Carey A. Trimble<br> | | 1858 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Harrison G. O. Blake | | 1859 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=3 | | Robert H. Nugen | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic loss. | rowspan=3 nowrap |
|- | James R. Morris<br> | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected.
|- | William P. Cutler<br> | | 1860 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Republican loss.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Sidney Edgerton | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Albert G. Riddle | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
Oregon elected its members on June 2, 1862.
|- ! | George Shiel | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
Pennsylvania elected its members on October 14, 1862.
|- ! | William E. Lehman | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Charles J. Biddle | | 1861 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | John P. Verree | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William D. Kelley | | 1860 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William M. Davis | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | John Hickman | | 1856 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | John D. Stiles<br> | | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Sydenham E. Ancona | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Thaddeus Stevens | | 1858 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | John W. Killinger | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic gain. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | James H. Campbell<br> | | 1858 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Republican loss.
|- ! | Philip Johnson<br> | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Hendrick B. Wright | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic hold. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | Galusha A. Grow<br> | | 1850 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Republican loss.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Joseph Bailey<br> | | 1860 | | Incumbent re-elected as a War Democrat.<br>War Democrat gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Edward McPherson<br> | | 1858 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Samuel S. Blair<br> | | 1858 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | James T. Hale<br> | | 1858 | | Incumbent re-elected as an Independent Unionist.<br>Independent Unionist gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | John Covode | | 1854 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent districted to the .<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=2 | | Robert McKnight | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican loss. | rowspan=2 nowrap |
|- | James K. Moorhead<br> | | 1858 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Incumbent redistricted to the .<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! rowspan=3 | | Elijah Babbitt | | 1858 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican loss. | rowspan=3 nowrap |
|- | Jesse Lazear<br> | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected.
|- | John Winfield Wallace<br> | | 1860 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Republican loss.
Rhode Island elected its members on April 1, 1863, after the term began but before the Congress convened.
|- ! <br> | William P. Sheffield | | Constitutional<br/>Union | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! <br> | George H. Browne | | Constitutional<br/>Union | 1861 | | Incumbent lost re-election as a Democrat.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
South Carolina did not hold elections as a result of secession.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since December 20, 1860.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since December 20, 1860.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since December 20, 1860.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since December 20, 1860.<br>No election. | None.
Tennessee did not hold elections as a result of secession.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since June 8, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | Horace Maynard | | Union | 1857 | | No election.<br>Union loss. | None.
|- ! | George W. Bridges | | Union | 1861 | | No election.<br>Union loss. | None.
|- ! | A. J. Clements | | Union | 1861 | | No election.<br>Union loss. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since June 8, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since June 8, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since June 8, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since June 8, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
Texas did not hold elections as a result of secession.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since February 1, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since February 1, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since February 1, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since February 1, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
See non-voting delegates, below.
Vermont elected its members on September 1, 1863, after the term began but before the Congress convened.
|- ! | E. P. Walton | | 1856 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | Justin S. Morrill | | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | Portus Baxter | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
The Restored Government of Virginia held elections in three districts on May 28, 1863, after the term began but before Congress convened. The elected members were not seated by the House.
|- ! | Joseph Segar | | Union | 1862 | | Incumbent re-elected but not seated.<br>Union loss. | Nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since April 17, 1861.<br>Winner not seated. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since April 17, 1861.<br>Winner not seated. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since April 17, 1861.<br>Winner not seated. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since April 17, 1861.<br>Winner not seated. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since April 17, 1861.<br>Winner not seated. | None.
|- ! | Lewis McKenzie | | Union | 1863 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Winner not seated.<br>Union loss. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since April 17, 1861.<br>No election. | None.
|- ! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Seat vacant since April 17, 1861.<br>No election.<br>Seat transferred to West Virginia on June 20, 1863; see below. | None.
|- ! | William G. Brown Sr. | | Union | 1861 | | No election.<br>Union loss.<br>Seat transferred to West Virginia on June 20, 1863; see below. | None.
|- ! | John S. Carlile | | Union | 1861 | | No election.<br>Union loss.<br>Seat transferred to West Virginia on June 20, 1863; see below. | None.
See non-voting delegates, below.
West Virginia elected its members on October 22, 1863, after the term began but before the Congress convened. The state and its congressional districts had formed part of Western Virginia before being admitted to the Union on June 20, 1863, with the consent of the Restored Government of Virginia. The West Virginian members were seated on December 7, 1863.
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
Wisconsin elected its members on November 4, 1862.
|- ! | John F. Potter | | 1856 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Republican gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | A. Scott Sloan | | 1860 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Luther Hanchett<br> | | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected.<br>Incumbent died November 23, 1862, after winning re-election, leading to two special elections; see above. | nowrap |
|- ! | Hiram P. Bennet | | Conservative<br/>Republican | 1861 | | Incumbent re-elected as a Unionist.<br>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | John B. S. Todd | | Democratic | 1861 | | Incumbent lost re-election.<br>Republican & Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | colspan=3 | None (new seat) | | New seat.<br/>Union gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | Samuel G. Daily | | Republican | 1859 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |
|- ! | John Cradlebaugh | | Independent | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Republican gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | John S. Watts | | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br/>Republican hold. | nowrap |
|- ! | John M. Bernhisel | | Independent | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br>Democratic gain. | nowrap |
|- ! | William H. Wallace | | Republican | 1861 | | Incumbent retired.<br/>Democratic gain. | nowrap |