1806 in Germany

Events from the year 1806 in Germany.

Incumbents

Holy Roman Empire

• Francis II (5 July 17926 August 1806)

Kingdoms

• Kingdom of Prussia
• Monarch – Frederick William III (16 November 17977 June 1840)
• Kingdom of Bavaria
• Maximilian I (1 January 180613 October 1825)
• Kingdom of Saxony
• Frederick Augustus I (20 December 18065 May 1827)
• Kingdom of Württemberg
• Frederick I (22 December 179730 October 1816)

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Baden
• Charles Frederick (25 July 180610 June 1811)
• Grand Duke of Hesse
• Louis I (14 August 18066 April 1830)
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
• Frederick Francis I (24 April 17851 February 1837)
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
• Charles II (2 June 17946 November 1816)
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg
• Wilhelm (6 July 17852 July 1823) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.
• Peter I (2 July 182321 May 1829)
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
• Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe
• George William (13 February 17871860)
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
• Louis Frederick II (13 April 179328 April 1807)
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
• Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 179419 August 1835)
• Principality of Lippe
• Leopold II (5 November 18021 January 1851)
• Principality of Reuss-Greiz
• Heinrich XIII (28 June 180029 January 1817)
• Waldeck and Pyrmont
• Friedrich Karl August (29 August 176324 September 1812)

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
• Leopold III (16 December 17519 August 1817)
• Duke of Brunswick
• Frederick William (16 October 180616 June 1815)
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
• Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
• Ernest I (9 December 180612 November 1826)
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
• Bernhard II (24 December 180320 September 1866)
• Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
• Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 177525 March 1816)

Events

• 1 January – The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon.
• 12 July – Sixteen German Imperial States leave the Holy Roman Empire and form the Confederation of the Rhine; Liechtenstein is given full sovereignty, leading to the collapse of the Empire after 844 years.
• 6 August – Francis II, the last Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates, thus ending the Holy Roman Empire after about a millennium.
• 25 September – Prussia issues an ultimatum to Paris, threatening war if France does not halt marching its troops through Prussian territory to reach Austria; the message does not reach Napoleon Bonaparte until 7 October, and he responds by attacking Prussia.
• 8 October – Napoleon responds to the 25 September ultimatum from Prussia, and begins the War of the Fourth Coalition; Prussia is joined by Saxony and other minor German states.
• 9 October – Battle of Schleiz: French and Prussian forces fight for the first time since the war began. The Prussian army is easily defeated, by a more numerous French force.
• 10 October – Battle of Saalfeld
• 14 October – Battle of Jena–Auerstedt: Napoleon defeats the Prussian army of Prince Hohenlohe at Jena, while Marshal Davout defeats the main Prussian army under Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, who is killed.
• 16 October – Capitulation of Erfurt
• 17 October – Battle of Halle
• 24 October – French forces enter Berlin.
• 25 October8 November – Siege of Magdeburg
• 28 October – Battle of Prenzlau
• 29 October – Capitulation of Pasewalk
• 30 October – Capitulation of Stettin: Believing themselves massively outnumbered, the 5,300-man garrison at Stettin in Prussia surrenders to a much smaller French force without a fight.
• 1 November – Battle of Waren-Nossentin
• 6 November – Battle of Lübeck
• 7–22 November – Siege of Hamelin
• 21 November – Berlin Decree

Births

• 1 January – Lionel Kieseritzky, Baltic-German chess player (died 1853)
• 13 January – Eugen Napoleon Neureuther, German painter and illustrator (died 1882)
• 18 February – Eduard Heis, German mathematician and astronomer (died 1877)
• 6 April – Friedrich Wilhelm Ritschl, German scholar (died 1876)
• 12 June – John Augustus Roebling, German-American engineer (died 1869)
• 22 July – Johann Kaspar Zeuss, German historian and philologist (died 1856)

• 25 October – Max Stirner, German philosopher (died 1856)
• 23 November – Philipp Hoffmann, German architect and builder (died 1869)
• 11 December – Otto Wilhelm Hermann von Abich, German geologist (died 1886)

Deaths

• 6 January – Jean Henri Riesener, German furniture designer (born 1734)
• 3 March – Heinrich Christian Boie, German poet and editor (born 1744)
• 23 August – Johann Eleazar Zeissig, German genre, portrait and porcelain painter, and engraver (born 1737)
• 10 October – Therese Maron, German painter active in Rome (born 1725)
• 10 October – Louis Ferdinand of Prussia, German prince (killed in battle) (born 1772)

Date unknown

• Johann Gottfried Arnold, German cellist (born 1773)

References