1805 in Germany

Events from the year 1805 in Germany.

Incumbents

Holy Roman Empire

• Francis II (5 July 17926 August 1806)

Important Electors

• Baden- Charles Frederick (27 April 18036 August 1806)
• Bavaria- Maximilian I (16 February 17996 August 1806)
• Saxony- Frederick Augustus I (17 December 176320 December 1806)
• Würzburg- Ferdinand III (25 December 18056 August 1806)
• Württemberg - Frederick I (180330 October 1816)

Kingdoms

• Kingdom of Prussia
• Monarch – Frederick William III (16 November 17977 June 1840)

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
• Frederick Francis I (24 April 17851 February 1837)
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
• Charles II (2 June 17946 November 1816)
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg
• Wilhelm (6 July 17852 July 1823) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.
• Peter I (2 July 182321 May 1829)
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
• Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe
• George William (13 February 17871860)
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
• Louis Frederick II (13 April 179328 April 1807)
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
• Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 179419 August 1835)
• Principality of Lippe
• Leopold II (5 November 18021 January 1851)
• Principality of Reuss-Greiz
• Heinrich XIII (28 June 180029 January 1817)
• Waldeck and Pyrmont
• Friedrich Karl August (29 August 176324 September 1812)

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
• Leopold III (16 December 17519 August 1817)
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
• Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
• Francis (8 September 18009 December 1806)
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
• Bernhard II (24 December 180320 September 1866)
• Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
• Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 177525 March 1816)

Other

• Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
• Louis I (6 April 179014 August 1806)

Events

• 7 April – Beethoven's Symphony No. 3, Eroica, has its public premiere at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna under his baton.
• 9 April - The first Weltsekttag to celebrate the resistance to Napoleon.
• 8 October – Battle of Wertingen
• 9 October – Battle of Günzburg
• 11 October – Battle of Haslach-Jungingen
• 14 October – Napoleonic Wars: War of the Third Coalition – Ulm Campaign: Battle of Elchingen – An Austrian corps under Johann von Riesch is defeated by Marshal Ney, near Elchingen, Bavaria.
• 16–19 October – War of the Third Coalition: Ulm Campaign – Battle of Ulm: Austrian General Mack von Leiberich is forced to surrender his entire army to Napoleon, after being surrounded.
• 3 November – Treaty of Potsdam
• 20 November – Beethoven's only opera Fidelio, in its original form (known retrospectively as Leonore), is premiered at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna, which at this time is under French military occupation.
• German Army surgeon Philipp Bozzini invents the , ancestor of the endoscope, for examination of bodily orifices.
• Grand Duchy of Würzburg is established.

Births

• 27 January – Samuel Palmer, English artist (died 1881)
• 13 February – Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, German mathematician (died 1859)
• 8 April – Hugo von Mohl, German botanist (died 1872)

• 30 July – Rudolf Wagner, German anatomist, pathologist (died 1864)
• 27 September – George Müller, Prussian evangelist, founder of the New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol in England (died 1898)
• 14 November – Fanny Mendelssohn, German composer, pianist (died 1847)

Deaths

• 17 January – Paschen von Cossel, German lawyer (born 1714)
• 20 February – Justus Claproth, German jurist, inventor of the de-inking process of recycled paper (born 1728)
• 9 May – Friedrich Schiller, German playwright (born 1759)

• 5 October - Eleonore Prochaska, German heroine soldier (born 1785)

References