1758
Events
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January–March
- January 1 РSwedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linn̩) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (Animalia) of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, the starting point of modern zoological nomenclature, introducing binomial nomenclature for animals to his established system of Linnaean taxonomy. Among the first examples of his system of identifying an organism by genus and then species, Linnaeus identifies the lamprey with the name Petromyzon marinus. He introduces the term Homo sapiens. (Date of January 1 assigned retrospectively.)
- January 20 – At Cap-Haïtien in Haiti, former slave turned rebel François Mackandal is executed by the French colonial government by being burned at the stake.
- January 22 РRussian troops under the command of William Fermor invade East Prussia and capture K̦nigsberg with 34,000 soldiers; although the city is later abandoned by Russia after the Seven Years' War ends, the city again comes under Russian control in 1945 during World War II and is now named Kaliningrad.
- February 22 – A fleet of 158 British Royal Navy warships, under the command of Admiral Edward Boscawen, departs from Plymouth toward North America in an effort to conquer the French Canadian territories of New France. Many of the sailors die of nutritional deficiencies along the way, including the scurvy that kills 26 of the crew of HMS Pembroke, captained by future world explorer James Cook on his first long voyage.
- February 23 – Jonathan Edwards, the famed English theologian who had assumed the presidency of what is now Princeton University only a week earlier, sets an example for students and faculty by publicly receiving an inoculation against smallpox. Unfortunately, the vaccine contains live smallpox; Edwards develops the disease and dies on March 22 at the age of 54.
- March 16 – Members of the Comanche Nation loot and destroy the Spanish Mission Santa Cruz de San Sabá (near modern-day Menard, Texas) and kill eight of the people there, including the mission leader, Father Alonso Giraldo de Terreros.
April–June
July–September
October–December
Date unknown
- Marquis Gabriel de Lernay, a French officer captured during the Seven Years' War, establishes a military lodge in Berlin, with the help of Baron de Printzen, master of The Three Globes Lodge at Berlin, and Philipp Samuel Rosa, a disgraced former pastor.
- Okadaya (岡ç°å±Â), predecessor of AEON, a multiple retailer group, founded in Yokkaichi, Japan.
- J. R. Geigy, predecessor of Novartis, a global pharmaceutical brand, founded in Basel, Switzerland.
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Births
- January 6 – Charles Ganilh, French economist, politician (d. 1836)
- January 9 – George Leveson-Gower, 1st Duke of Sutherland, born Viscount Trentham, British politician and landowner (d. 1833)
- January 11 РFran̤ois Louis Bourdon, French Revolutionary politician (d. 1797)
- January 17 – Marie Anne Simonis, Belgian textile industrialist (d. 1831)
- January 20 – Marie-Anne Pierrette Paulze, French chemist (d. 1836)
- January 24 – Frederick Ponsonby, 3rd Earl of Bessborough (d. 1844)
- February 1 – David Ochterlony, Massachusetts-born general with the East India Company (d. 1825)
- February 3
- Francis Napier, 8th Lord Napier of Great Britain (d. 1823)
- Vasily Kapnist, Ukrainian poet, playwright (d. 1823)
- February 4 – George Thicknesse, 19th Baron Audley, English peer (d. 1818)
- February 10 – Amalia Holst, German writer, intellectual and feminist (d. 1829)
- February 17 – John Pinkerton, British antiquarian (d. 1826)
- February 28 РNicolas Fran̤ois, Count Mollien, French financier (d. 1850)
- March 9 – Franz Joseph Gall, German pioneering neuroanatomist (d. 1828)
- March 12 – Leopold Karel, Count of Limburg Stirum (d. 1840)
- March 15 – Magdalene Sophie Buchholm, Norwegian poet (d. 1826)
- April 4
- John Hoppner, English portrait-painter (d. 1810)
- Pierre-Paul Prud'hon, French painter (d. 1823)
- April 16 – Christian Karl August Ludwig von Massenbach, Prussian soldier (d. 1827)
- April 22 РFrancisco Javier Casta̱os, 1st Duke of Bail̩n, Spanish general (d. 1852)
- April 23
- Alexander Hood, British Royal Navy officer (k. 1798)
- Alexander Cochrane, British Royal Navy officer (d. 1832)
- Philip Gidley King, British Royal Navy officer, colonial administrator (d. 1808)
- April 27 – Charles Dumont de Sainte-Croix, French zoologist (d. 1830)
- May 6
- Maximilien de Robespierre, French revolutionary (d. 1794)
- André Masséna, Napoleonic general, Marshal of France (d. 1817)
- May 8 – John Heath, U.S. Representative for Virginia (d. 1810)
- May 15 – Thomas Taylor, English neoplatonist translator (d. 1835)
- May 17
- Sir John St Aubyn, 5th Baronet, English fossil collector (d. 1839)
- Honoré IV, Prince of Monaco (d. 1819)
- June 19 – Raffaello Sanzio Morghen, Italian engraver (d. 1833)
- June 29 – Clotilde Tambroni, Italian philologist, linguist (d. 1817)
- July 25 – Elizabeth Hamilton, English writer (d. 1816)
- July 31 – , Swiss naturalist (d. 1834)
- July 31 – Jeremiah Colegrove, U.S. farmer, manufacturer and soldier (d. 1836)
- August 5 – Emperor Go-Momozono of Japan (d. 1779)
- August 14 – Carle Vernet, French painter (d. 1835)
- October 16 â Noah Webster, U.S. lexicographer (d. 1843)
- October 22/6 – Vincenzo Dandolo, Italian chemist, agriculturist (d. 1819)
- October 28 – John Sibthorp, English botanist (d. 1796)
- October 28 РJoseph-Fran̤ois-Louis-Charles de Damas, French general (d. 1829)
- October 31 – Thomas Gisborne, Anglican priest, abolitionist (d. 1846)
- November 5 – Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars, French botanist (d. 1831)
- November 11
- Carl Friedrich Zelter, German composer (d. 1832)
- Caleb P. Bennett, U.S. soldier, politician (d. 1836)
- November 14 – William Bradley, British Royal Navy officer and cartographer (d. 1833)
- November 16 – Peter Andreas Heiberg, Danish author, philologist (d. 1841)
- December 5 – George Beauclerk, 4th Duke of St Albans (d. 1787)
- December 9 – Richard Colt Hoare, English antiquarian, archaeologist (d. 1838)
- December 21 РJean Baptiste Ebl̩, French general (d. 1812)
Date unknown
- Georges Antoine Chabot, French jurist, statesman (d. 1819)
- Nicholas Fish, U.S. Revolutionary soldier (d. 1833)
- Anthimos Gazis, Greek scholar, philosopher (d. 1828)
- Samuel Hardy, U.S. lawyer and statesman from Virginia (d. 1785)
- Jamphel Gyatso, 8th Dalai Lama of Tibet (d. 1804)
- Charles Lee, U.S. Attorney General (d. 1815)
- Samuel Sterett, American politician, U.S. Representative for Maryland (d. 1833)
- Marie-Claire Heureuse Félicité, Empress of Haiti (d. 1858)
Probable
Deaths
- January 7 – Allan Ramsay, Scottish poet (b. 1686)
- January 17 – James Hamilton, 6th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish peer (b. 1724)
- January 18 РFran̤ois Nicole, French mathematician (b. 1683)
- February 10 – Thomas Ripley, English architect (b. 1683)
- March 2 РPierre Gu̩rin de Tencin, French cardinal (b. 1679)
- March 6 – Henry Vane, 1st Earl of Darlington, English politician (b. c. 1705)
- March 18
- Matthew Hutton, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1693)
- Thomas Zebrowski, Lithuanian Jesuit scientist (b. 1714)
- March 22
- Jonathan Edwards, American minister (b. 1703)
- Richard Leveridge, English bass and composer (b. 1670)
- April 7 – Joseph Blanchard, American soldier (b. 1704)
- April 21 – Francesco Zerafa, Maltese architect (b. 1679)
- April 22 – Antoine de Jussieu, French naturalist (b. 1686)
- April 30 РFran̤ois d'Agincourt, French composer (b. 1684)
- May 3 – Pope Benedict XIV (b. 1675)
- May 28 – Ernst August II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Eisenach (b. 1737)
- May 31 – Marguerite de Lussan, French historical novelist (b. 1682)
- June 9 – Antonio de los Reyes Correa, Puerto Rican soldier (b. c. 1665)
- June 12 – Prince Augustus William of Prussia (b. 1722)
- July 6 – George Howe, 3rd Viscount Howe, British general (in battle) (b. c. 1725)
- July 7 – Marthanda Varma, Rani of Attingal (b. 1706)
- July 15 – Ambrosius Stub, Danish poet (b. 1705)
- July 18 – Duncan Campbell, Scottish soldier
- August 2 – George Booth, 2nd Earl of Warrington, English noble (b. 1675)
- August 15 – Pierre Bouguer, French mathematician (b. 1698)
- August 17 – Stepan Fyodorovich Apraksin, Russian soldier (b. 1702)
- August 23 – Ulrika Eleonora von Düben, Swedish lady in waiting (b. 1722)
- August 27 – Barbara of Portugal, Princess of Portugal and Queen of Spain (b. 1711)
- September 5 – Dmitry Ivanovich Vinogradov, Russian chemist (b. c. 1720)
- September 15 â Adina Beg Khan, Nawab of Punjab (b. 1710)
- September 23 – John FitzPatrick, 1st Earl of Upper Ossory (b. 1719)
- October 2 (bur.) – Philip Southcote, English landscape gardener (b. 1698)
- October 12 – Richard Molesworth, 3rd Viscount Molesworth, British field marshal (b. 1680)
- October 14
- Wilhelmine of Prussia, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, daughter of Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia (b. 1709)
- James Francis Edward Keith, Scottish soldier and Prussian field marshal (b. 1696)
- October 20 – Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough, British politician (b. 1706)
- October 25/8 – Theophilus Cibber, English actor (b. 1703)
- November 5 – Hans Egede, Norwegian Lutheran missionary (b. 1686)
- November 12 – John Cockburn, Scottish politician (b. c. 1679)
- November 20 – Johan Helmich Roman, Swedish composer (b. 1694)
- November 22 – Richard Edgcumbe, 1st Baron Edgcumbe, English politician (b. 1680)
- November 27 – Senesino, Italian singer (b. 1686)
- December 5 – Johann Friedrich Fasch, German composer (b. 1688)
Date unknown
References
External links