The 15th Legislature of the Third Portuguese Republic () was a meeting of the Assembly of the Republic, the legislative body of Portugal. It convened on 29 March 2022, with its membership determined by the results of the 2022 Portuguese legislative election held the previous 30 January.
On 9 November 2023, the President of the Republic Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa announced the dissolution of the 15th Legislature, following the resignation of Prime Minister António Costa due to the Operation Influencer corruption investigation, and called for a snap election for 10 March 2024. The Assembly of the Republic was officially dissolved on 15 January 2024. The Legislature ended on 25 March 2024.
The 16th Portuguese legislative election was held on 30 January 2022. The Socialist Party (PS) remained as the largest party and achieved a surprise absolute majority.
For the first time since they had been founded, both CDS â People's Party and Ecologist Party "The Greens" did not earn a single seat.
Following President of the Assembly Eduardo Ferro Rodrigues' decision of not contesting the 2022 legislative election, the Socialist Party (PS) nominated Augusto Santos Silva as their candidate for President of the Assembly of the Republic. To be elected, a candidate needs to reach a minimum of 116 votes. Santos Silva was easily elected:
The election of four new Vice Presidents of the Assembly of the Republic were held in the second session of the new Legislature. The candidates for third and fourth Vice Presidents, designated by Chega and the Liberal Initiative, were both rejected in the first ballot.
The Liberal Initiative announced they weren't presenting any other candidate until the end of the legislature, while Chega presented another candidate in the same day, Gabriel Mithá Ribeiro, which was also overwhelmingly rejected.
On 22 September 2022, Chega once again presented another candidate for Vice President of Parliament, Rui Paulo Sousa, with the Social Democratic Party's parliamentary leader, Joaquim Miranda Sarmento, recommending the vote of the caucus on Chega's candidate. Despite that, Chega's candidate was once again rejected, failing even to guarantee the votes of both parties.
On 16 March 2023, Chega proposed once again a new name for Vice President of Parliament, Jorge Valsassina Galveias, who was also rejected.