1240s in England

Events from the 1240s in England.

Incumbents

• Monarch – Henry III

Events

• 1240
• Dafydd ap Llywelyn, Prince of Wales, pays homage to King Henry III and agrees to arbitration over the right to rule Wales.
• Old St Paul's Cathedral in London is consecrated.
• First perambulation of Dartmoor.
• 1241
• 1 February – Boniface of Savoy, the Queen's uncle, is enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
• 10 August – Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany dies captive at Bristol, ending the senior line of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany.
• October – After defeat in a military campaign, Dafydd ap Llywelyn makes Henry his heir.
• 1242
• May – English army supports rebels in Poitou against French rule.
• 12 May – Assize of Arms: A royal ordnance requires appointment of constables to summon men to arms, quell breaches of the peace, and to deliver offenders to the sheriff.
• Royal troops seize the island of Lundy, occupied by the fugitive William de Marisco.
• 1243
• September – England signs a truce with France.
• 1244
• Dafydd ap Llywelyn forms alliance of minor Welsh rulers in Wales and begins revolt against English rule.
• August – Henry blockades Scotland and musters an army at Newcastle upon Tyne after Scots threaten the border.
• November – Bishops and barons refuse to pay taxes demanded by King Henry, and insist on administrative reforms.
• 1245
• English army campaigns in north Wales to subdue Dafydd ap Llywelyn. A truce is agreed in the autumn, and Henry returns to England.
• Crutched Friars established in England.
• The rebuilding of Westminster Abbey in Gothic style begins.
• 1246
• Cistercians, together with the King's brother, Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, found Hailes Abbey in Gloucestershire.
• Dafydd ap Llywelyn, who had lately claimed the title of prince of Wales, dies and the resistance of the Welsh against English forces in Wales collapses.
• 1247
• April – Treaty of Woodstock: Dafydd ap Llywelyn's successors, the Welsh princes Llywelyn ap Gruffudd and Owain ap Gruffudd acknowledge Henry as their overlord.
• 13 June – Coinage reform introduces a new silver coin and establishes seventeen local mints.
• Romford established as a market town.
• The Bethlem Royal Hospital founded in London.
• 1248
• 11 March – Richard of Cornwall presides at the first Trial of the Pyx to determine the purity of coinage.
• Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester appointed as governor of Gascony, but soon proves unpopular.
• 1249
• Spring – Bequest of William of Durham for the support of scholars in the University of Oxford, considered as the establishment of University College there.

Births

• 1240
• 29 September – Margaret of England, daughter of Henry III of England and consort of Alexander III of Scotland (died 1275)
• 1241
• Eleanor of Castile, queen of Edward I of England (died 1290)
• 1243
• 2 September – Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, politician (died 1295)
• 1245
• 16 January – Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster, son of Henry III of England (died 1296)
• 1246
• 14 September – John FitzAlan, 7th Earl of Arundel (died 1272)
• 1247
• Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln (died 1255)
• 1249
• Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford (died 1297)

Deaths

• 1240
• 27 May – William de Warenne, 5th Earl of Surrey (born 1166)
• 16 November – Edmund of Abingdon, Archbishop of Canterbury, sanctified, dies in France on pilgrimage (born 1175)
• 1241
• 10 August – Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany, daughter of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany (born 1184)
• 1 December – Isabella of England, princess (born 1214)
• 1242
• 26 March – William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle (year of birth unknown)
• 1243
• 12 May – Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent (born c. 1165)
• 1245
• c. June – Elias of Dereham, canon and building designer
• 21 August – Alexander of Hales, theologian
• 1246
• 31 May – Isabella of Angoulême, queen of John of England (born c. 1187)
• June – Richard Fitz Roy, illegitimate son of King John (born c. 1190)
• Thomas De Melsonby, last hermit of the Farne Islands
• 1247
• William de Ferrers, 4th Earl of Derby (born c. 1168)

References