The 12.7ÃÂ108mm cartridge is a 12.7 mm heavy machine gun and anti-materiel rifle cartridge used by the former Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact countries, as well as China, Iran, and North Korea. It was invented in 1934 to create a cartridge like the German 13.2mm TuF anti-tank rifle round and the American .50 Browning Machine Gun round (12.7ÃÂ99mm NATO).
It is used in the same roles as the NATO .50 BMG (12.7ÃÂ99mm NATO) cartridge. The two differ in bullet shape and weight, and the casing of the 12.7 à108 mm is slightly longer, and its larger case capacity allows it to hold slightly more of a different type of powder. The 12.7 à108 mm can be used to engage a wide variety of targets on the battlefield, and will destroy unarmored vehicles, penetrate lightly armored vehicles and damage external ancillary equipment (i.e.: searchlights, radar, transmitters, vision blocks, engine compartment covers) on heavily armored vehicles such as tanks. It will also ignite gasoline andâÂÂsince 2019âÂÂdiesel fuel (experimental "Avers" AP/I round).
Cartridge dimensions
The 12.7 ÃÂ 108 mm has 22.72 ml (350 grains) H<sub>2</sub>O cartridge case capacity.
12.7 ÃÂ 108 mm maximum cartridge dimensions. All sizes in millimeters (mm).
Americans define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 â 18.16 degrees.
According to guidelines the 12.7 ÃÂ 108 mm case can handle up to 360 MPa (52,213 psi) piezo pressure. In C.I.P. regulated countries every rifle cartridge combo has to be proofed at 125% of this maximum CIP pressure to certify for sale to consumers.
Cartridge types
Soviet and Russian 12.7 ÃÂ 108 mm types
ÃÂ-30 (B-30)
First version of 1930. Armor-piercing () bullet weighing and long with hardened steel core. Replaced by B-32.
ÃÂÃÂâ (BZT)
Pre-WW2 armor-piercing incendiary () tracer. Replaced by BZT-44.
ÃÂ-32 (B-32) (GRAU# 57-BZ-542, 7-BZ-2)
Steel-cored bullet. Main type in use. Penetrates NATO medium-hard RHA from at 0ð when fired out of DShKM. Penetrates 2P steel from at 0ð when fired out of NSV-12.7. First produced 1936; named after the B-32 7.62ÃÂ54mmR ammunition of 1932.
ÃÂá-41 (BS-41)
API bullet weighing and long with a cemented carbide (Re8 WC-Co) core. Produced in small quantities at the beginning of WWII for the 12.7 mm Sholokhov anti-tank rifles (PTRSh-41).
ÃÂÃÂâ-44 (BZT-44) (GRAU# 57-BZT-542)
APIT with brighter tracer, usually used with B-32. Complemented by BZT-44M (GRAU# 57-BZT-542M) of 2002 with subdued tracer.
ÃÂÃÂä-46 (BZF-46)
API bullet with (white) phosphorus (). Aircraft MG round.
ÃÂá (BS) (GRAU# 7-BZ-1)
API bullet with cemented carbide (VK8 WC-Co, commonly called a "cermet" in Russian) core, developed in 1972. Ballistics also similar to B-32.
/ MDZ (GRAU# 7-3-2)
Immediate-action incendiary. Used in belt with B-32 and BZT-44(M).
12,7 1áà(12.7 1SL) (GRAU# 9-A-4012)
12,7 1áÃÂâ (12.7 1SLT) (GRAU# 9-A-4427)
Tandem / duplex cartridge with two bullets inside, in normal and tracer versions. Developed 1985 for use by helicopter against soft targets.
12,7áà(12.7SN) (GRAU# 7N34)
Sniper cartridge (FMJ; AP). Bullet weighs and travels at ~. Bullet consists of hardened tool steel tip and lead body. Able to defeat lightly-armored vehicles at and RHA at . Entered production in the 2000s.
12.7 Blank (GRAU# 7H1)
12.7 UCH Dummy (GRAU# 7H2)
Note that some WW2 bullets share designations with ones for 14.5ÃÂ114mm.
Use
Anti-tank and anti-materiel rifles
Heavy machine guns
See also
References
Further reading
- ÃÂþÃÂÃÂþò ÃÂ.î. "ÃÂÃÂÃÂøûøýõùýÃÂù", ÃÂðÃÂÃÂõÃÂ-ÃÂÃÂöÃÂõ issue 110, May 2006, pp. 56âÂÂ62
External links