Year 1199 (MCXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.
Events
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By place
Europe
- January 13 – A short-lived truce is declared, between the Kings Richard I (the Lionheart) and Philip II (Augustus). Two of Europe's most powerful rulers meet on the banks of the Seine River, while shouting terms to one another. With a peace secured, Richard is able to refocus on bringing internal order to the south of the Angevin Empire.
- March 26 РRichard I besieges the unarmed castle of Ch̢lus-Chabrol, and is shot in the left shoulder with a crossbow, by the French boy Pierre Basile. The war between the kingdoms of England and France has become so brutal, that Hugh of Lincoln is warned that "nothing now is safe, neither the city to dwell in nor the highway for travel".
- April 6 – Richard I dies from gangrene, caused by his crossbow wound. His younger brother, John (Lackland), becomes King of England. Richard's jewels are left to his nephew, Otto IV, King of the Romans. Mercadier, a mercenary captain and Richard's second in command, has Pierre Basile flayed alive and hanged.
- Roman Mstislavich (the Great), Grand Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, unites his realm with its westerly neighbor Galicia (after the death of Vladimir II). He makes the Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia more powerful than Kiev.
- Summer – Philip II renews his war against England, supporting the rival claim to the English throne of John's 12-year-old nephew Arthur I, duke of Brittany.
- Summer – After uncovering a plot against him, Emeric, King of Hungary defeats his brother Duke Andrew in a battle, forcing him into exile in Austria. Thereafter, border clashes occurs between Hungary and Austria.
Britain
Africa
Japan
By topic
Religion
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Births
- April 17 – Marie of Ponthieu, French noblewoman (d. 1250)
- Aisha Al-Manoubya, Almohad female Sufi mystic (d. 1267)
- Al-Mansur al-Hasan, Yemeni imam and politician (d. 1271)
- Bohemond V, prince of Antioch (House of Poitiers) (d. 1252)
- Ferdinand III (the Saint), king of Castile and León (d. 1252)
- Guttorm of Norway (Sigurdsson), king of Norway (d. 1204)
- Ibn al-Abbar, Andalusian biographer and historian (d. 1260)
- Isobel of Huntingdon, daughter of David of Scotland (d. 1252)
- Jalal al-Din Mangburni, Khwarezmid ruler (shah) (d. 1231)
- Joan of Constantinople, Flemish noblewoman (d. 1244)
- Sturla Sighvatsson, Icelandic chieftain (or goði) (d. 1238)
- Thomas II, Flemish nobleman (House of Savoy) (d. 1259)
Deaths
- January 23 – Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur, Almohad caliph (b. 1160)
- February 9 – Minamoto no Yoritomo, Japanese shogun (b. 1147)
- February 13 – Stefan Nemanja, Serbian Grand Prince (b. 1113)
- March 17 – Jocelin of Glasgow (or Jocelyn), Scottish bishop
- April 5 – Ashikaga Yoshikane, Japanese samurai and monk
- April 6
- Pierre Basile (or Bertran de Gurdun), French knight
- Richard I (the Lionheart), king of England (b. 1157)
- July 10 – Hugh de Roxburgh (or Hugo), Scottish bishop
- August 20 – Matthew, Scottish churchman and bishop
- September 4 – Joan of England, queen of Sicily (b. 1165)
- October 9 – Bobo of San Teodoro, Italian cardinal-deacon
- November 6 – Hatim ibn Ibrahim, Yemeni religious leader
- November 25 – Albert III (the Rich), count of Habsburg
- December 25 – Helena of Hungary, duchess of Austria
- Alexios Komnenos, son of Andronikos I (Komnenos)
- Azalais of Toulouse (or Adelaide), French noblewoman
- Benedicta Ebbesdotter of Hvide, queen of Sweden (or 1200)
- Date Tomomune, Japanese nobleman and samurai (b. 1129)
- Michael the Syrian (the Great), Syriac patriarch (b. 1126)
- Raymond IV (or Raimund), count and regent of Tripoli
- Vladimir II Yaroslavich, Kievan prince (House of Rurik)
References