The .41 Swiss (officially the 10.4x38mmR Swiss cartridge used in the Swiss Vetterli M69/81 rifle) is a Swiss military rimfire bottlenecked intermediate rifle cartridge.
In 1867, the Swiss military adopted the 10.4ÃÂ38mmR cartridge. As one of the few rimfire cartridges to see military service, the bullet and was respectable compared to its contemporaries. The most popular arms chambered for this round were the Vetterli series of rifles. This type of round was also used in the 1867 Peabody and the Milbank-Amsler swinging-block conversion rifles. Adopted in 1869 along with the Vetterli turn-bolt rifle, it was discontinued, along with the rifle, in 1889. With a bullet, it is adequate for deer, and only at short range.
The original round's case was made from copper which held a round nosed lead bullet. In 1871 and 1878, the paper patch was improved, but ballistic performance was only marginally improved.
The round continued to be commercially available in the U.S. until sometime after 1946 with bullets loaded by Winchester (K4154R) and lead bullets loaded by Remington (R326).